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attention must be paid to the civil side of the law, which also affects millions of people. 24. Why did Gupta win the award? A. For his achievements in classical music. B. For performing for large crowds.
C. For organizing a group playing for the homeless. D. For the friendship with Nathaniel Ayers.
25. What do we know about Mac Arthur Fellowship? A. It is founded by the government. B. It offers $625,000 to 25 winners in 2018. C. It allows the winners to use the money freely.
D. It awards people who make great contributions to society 26. What was the extraordinary thing that Sandefiir did? A. She made it easier to get legal help for the poor. B. She made the legal system fairer.
C. She paid more attention to the criminal justice system. D. She offered legal aids to the poor freely. 27. Which can be the best title for the passage? A. Grants winners, inspiring the poor B. The city homeless, in need of help C. Vijay Gupta , an extraordinary violinist
D. MacArthur Foundation, awarding exceptional work 【答案】24. C 25. C 26. A 27. A
.【解析】 【分析】
本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了美国两位麦克阿瑟奖学金的获奖者Gupta和Sandefiir分别通过为流浪者演奏音乐和为穷人争取法律援助而激励穷人的故事。 【24题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中的“The group has performed at homeless shelters, jails and halfway houses for about eight years.”可知，Gupta获得该奖是因为他组织的街道交响乐团为流浪者演奏音乐，故C项正确。 【25题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Each winner will receive $625,000 over five years to use as they wish.”可知，获奖者将在五年内获得625,000美元的奖金，供其随意使用，故C项正确。 【26题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“The Associated Press says her research actively supports new ways to involve poor communities in the U.S. justice system.”可知，美联社称，Sandefiir的研究为贫困地区参与美国司法系统提供了新途径，由此可知，Sandefiir使穷人更容易获得法律援助，故A项正确。 【27题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要讲述了美国两位麦克阿瑟奖学金的获奖者Gupta和Sandefiir分别通过为流浪者演奏音乐和为穷人争取法律援助而激励穷人的故事，故A项正确。
【点睛】本篇第4题主旨大意题难度较大，因为文章分为两个部分，没有整体的主题句，这就是需要我们抓住每一部分的主题句进行总结，通读全文特别是根据第二段中的“Gupta is among the 25 winners of the 2018 MacArthur Fellowship, commonly known as the “genius grant.””及倒数第二段中的“Another winner is Rebecca Sandefur, an associate professor of sociology and law in the University of Illinois.”可知，文章介绍了两位麦克阿瑟奖学金的获奖者Gupta和Sandefiir分别通过为流浪者演奏音乐和为穷人争取法律援助而激励穷人的故事，故A项正确。
C
Solar power is helping bring about a future of cleaner energy, but there are limits to where rigid solar panels (刚
性太阳能电池板)can go. A new kind of solar cell made with a mineral called perovskite (钙钛矿)can go almost anywhere, says physicist Olga Malinkiewicz. We can use perovskite cells on the surfaces of the building, on the roofs of the buildings, on the roofs of the cars and on the electronic devices. We can use it on the sails. We can use it in the balls, tents and unlimited applications. Malinkiewicz says perovskite has become a favorite among solar panel researchers. Because it can be printed, everyone can use it on every surface.
Malinkiewicz developed a way to print perovskite panels like an inkjet printer. She co-founded a company to produce them, called Soleil Technologies, after the Baltic sun goddess. Construction company Skanska is testing the panels at their Warsaw headquarters. Adam Targowski is sustainable (可持续的)development manager for Skanska. They work perfectly, even when they are not well exposed to sunlight. So we can use them in all surfaces of the building. Soleil calculates that about one square meter of panel can supply a day’s worth of power for one worker’s computer and lights. And they keep getting better as research continues, says the company’s scientific director Konrad Wojciechowski.
For other technologies, it took decades to really enter markets. Perovskite has been around only for few years in scientific research, so there is still a lot to be done, but potential is basically pretty much unlimited, I think. There are still durability and other problems to work out, but several companies expect to have perovskite panels on the market this year.
28. What do we know about perovskite solar cell from the first paragraph? A. It’s delicate.
B. It’s complex.
C. It’s flexible.
D. It’s expensive.
29. What does the underlined word “they” in the second paragraph refer to? A. Skanska and Adam Targowski. B. Malinkiewicz and Skanska. C. Soleil Technologies. D. Perovskite panels.
30. What can we infer from the last paragraph? A. It needs years to put perovskite panels into markets. B. Scientists think perovskite panels are ready for markets.
C. Perovskite has been studied for decades. D. Perovskite panels will soon be seen in the market. 31. What is the main purpose of the passage? A. To explain how to use perovskite panels. B. To introduce perovskite panels. C. To advertise a new solar power cell.
D. To propose scientists to further study perovskiet cells. 【答案】28. C 29. D 30. D 31. B 【解析】 【分析】
本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了一种新型太阳能电池——钙钛矿电池板的优点和前景。 【28题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中的“A new kind of solar cell made with a mineral called perovskite can go almost anywhere”可知，钙钛矿太阳能电池没有安装位置的限制，由此可知它具有灵活性，故C项正确。 【29题详解】
词义猜测题。根据第二段第一句“Malinkiewicz developed a way to print perovskite panels like an inkjet printer.”可知，Malinkiewicz发明了一种打印钙钛矿电池板的方法，就像喷墨打印机一样，这类钙钛矿电池板特别好用，不管是否完全暴置于日光下都很好用，由此可知they指代的就是前面提到的钙钛矿电池板，故D项正确。
【30题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“but several companies expect to have perovskite panels on the market this year.”可知，一些公司已经打算今年在市场上出售钙钛矿电池板了，由此可知，很快就能在市场上看到钙钛矿电池板，故D项正确。 【31题详解】