发布时间 : 星期五 文章2019年上海市宝山区高考英语二模试卷更新完毕开始阅读
D． A food production system favored by millennials． （2）What do millennials with fruit before freezing it？ D A． Mix it with other ingredients in a bowl． B． Carefully remove the skin and seeds from it． C． Use a sharp knife to chop it up into pieces． D． Put it in an oven at the proper temperature．
（3）According to this article， when do millennials make careful choices？ A A． When they dine out together B． Whey they vote for candidates C． When they choose an employer D． When they plant a new garden
（4）According to this article， how do millennials avoid purchasing too much food？ B A． They select small cans and packages． B． They prepare a practical shopping list． C． They leave their credit cards at home． D． They weigh produce before buying it． 【考点】O6：社会文化类阅读．
【分析】略 【解答】ADAB 【点评】略
18．（6分）
Families should reduce exposure to synthetic chemicals found in food colorings， preservatives and packaging materials as a growing body of research shows they may harm children's health， according to a policy statement and technical report from the American Academy of Pediastrics released online．
The statement also suggests improvements to the food additives regulatory system， including updating the scientific foundation of the U．S． Food and Drug Administrations safety assessment retesting all previously approved chemicals．
Leonard Trasande ，the author of the policy statement， to tell us more about these concerns．
Q： What are the growing number of studies showing us？
A： Over the past two decades， an accumulating body of science suggests some food additives can interfere with a child's hormones， growth and development．
Potentially harmful effects of food additives are of special concern for children because they are more sensitive to chemical exposures because they eat and drink more relative to body weight， than adults do and are still growing and developing． An early injury to their organ systems can have lifelong and permanent consequences． Q： What additives does the statement highlight？
A： The additives of most concern， based on rising research evidence cited in the report， include：
●Bisphenols， such as BPA， used to harden plastic containers and line metal cans， can act like estrogen（雌激素）in the body which may potentially change the timing of puberty， decrease fertility， increase body fat and affect the nervous and immune systems． BPA is now banned in baby bottles．
●Phthalates， which make plastic and vinyl tubes used in industrial food production flexible， may affect male genital development increase childhood obesity and contribute to cardiovascular disease． In 2017， the Consumer Product Safety Commission banned the use or some phthalates in child﹣care products such as teething rings．
（1）According to the American Academy of Pediatric's report， people should A to cope with the problem of food additives．
A． try to avoid food additives in daily life and revise relevant rules on food additives B． update the food safety assessment program and check the approved chemicals again C． improve the food additives regulatory system and retest all approved chemicals
D． reduce the usage of food additives and establish new food protection system
（2）Leonardo Trasande holds the view that food additives do more harm to children than adults because study shows D ．
A． children are more sensitive to what they eat and drink than adults B． children usually eat and drink more unhealthy food than adults C． children are just too young and weak to protect themselves D． children's organs are easier to be damaged and hard to recover
（3）How many specific kinds of harmful effect caused by the additives are mentioned in the passage？ B A． 2 B． 7 C． 8 D． 3
【考点】O3：广告布告类阅读．
【分析】略 【解答】ADB 【点评】略
19．（8分） The koala is an unusual creature． Native to Australia and a bit bigger than a rabbit，it spends most of its time in eucalyptus trees（桉树），feeding on leaves that are poisonous to nearly every other animal on the planet．
The koala sleeps about 22 hours a day and spends the remainder of its time eating and resting． It might spend 10 minutes a day moving， experts say， usually from one tree to another． It has a soft pad at the end of its spine and extra thick fur on its rear end to make the effort， of sitting more comfortable．
Threats and protective measures The unique lifestyle of the koala has helped it prosper， but today the cute and iconic creature is facing threats from habitat loss， disease and a changing climate．
Koala populations are expected to decline by 50 percent in the next 20 years according to the Australian Museum．
To help protect these animals， which bring in an estimated ＄1.1 billion to Australia
each year through koala﹣related tourism， an international team of researchers has published the first complete genome（基因组）of the koala．
Their hope is that the keys to the marsupial's（有袋动物）long﹣term survival might be planted in its genetic code．
\…rescue them from the edge of extinction，\ of the Australian Museum Research Institute in Sydney， who led the work．
\we have a really good understanding of the koala genome， and we are in a fantastic position to use that knowledge to help us manage them．\ Early findings
An elementary analysis of the koala's genome， published in Nature Genetics， has already yielded some interesting findings．
For example， the authors found that， compared to other mammals， the koala's DNA includes an expansion in the number of genes that encode for enzymes involved in anti﹣poison． That allows them to have a diet that depends almost entirely on eucalyplus leaves which are unusually high in poison． However， it also means that koalas metabolize（代谢）medicines like anti﹣chlamydia antibiotics faster than other animals．
The koala genome also revealed why koalas are such famously picky eaters． They are known to consume leaves from just 20 of Australia's 60 known eucalyplus species． And even when they are in one of their preferred trees，koalas take leaf selection very seriously． Information waiting to be discovered
Johnson said that the information encoded in the koala's DNA is already being included in management strategies by conservation groups． However， she said the findings described in the new paper represent the early stages of what can be gleamed from the marsupial's genome．
\， and I would love for anyone to start mining it and see what other amazing things they can find，\．\， the sky's the limit with what you can do with it．\
（1）What can be concluded from the passage？ D