发布时间 : 星期三 文章2016江苏专转本英语真题 教师版更新完毕开始阅读
tests to measure their intelligence. Mark’s I. Q. was 125, twenty-five points higher than the average and forty points higher than his identical brother. Given equal opportunities, the twins, having identical brains, would have tested at roughly the same level. 11. The main idea of this passage is that▲. A. human brains differ completely
B. the brain a person is born with determines his intelligence. C. environment is crucial in determining a person’s intelligence
D. persons having identical brains will have roughly the same intelligence.
答案C，主旨大意题。本文一共两段，第一段写了出生和环境对人的智商都有影响，第二段举例说明环境对智力发展的影响，所以最符合文章大意的是C选项。 12. According to the passage, the average I. Q. is▲. A. 85 B.100 C. 110
D. 125
答案B，细节题，关键词是average，第二段最后一句话 “Mark’s I. Q. was 125, twenty-five points higher than the average”，可以看出，平均智商是125-25=100。 13. The case history of twins appears to support the conclusion that ▲. A. individuals with identical brains are seldom tested
B. an individual's intelligence is determined only by his environment C. lack of educational opportunities blocks the growth of intelligence D. changes of environment produce changes in the structure of the brain 答案C，第二段举例说明环境也就是教育对智力发展的影响。 14. This passage suggests that an individual's I. Q. .▲ A. can be predicted at birth B. stays the same throughout his life C. can be increased by education D. is determined by his childhood
答案C，第二段举例说明环境也就是教育对智力发展的影响，也就是通过接受教育可以增加智力。
15. The best title of this passage is ▲. A. Measuring Your Intelligence
B. Intelligence and Environment
C. The Case of Peter and Mark Passage Four D. How the Brain Influences Intelligence 答案B，主旨大意题。解析请参考第11题。
Passage Four
Questions 16 to 20 are based on the following passage.
Three American psychologists did a research study several years ago on what Americans value most. In the study, eighteen values were asked to put in the order of importance. The result is as follows: 1. family security
2.a world at peace
3. Freedom 4.self-respect 5. Happiness 6.wisdom 7. a sense of accomplishment 8.a comfortable life
9. true friendship 10.salvation(拯救)in the religious 11.inner harmony 12.equality 13. national security 14.mature love 15. a world of beauty 16.pleasure 17. an exciting life 18.social recognition
Are you surprised that Americans place their values in this way? Did you think they would put their values in a different order? I would have thought love and friendship might have come higher on this list. As you can see, several of these values are closely related to each other and are dependent upon each other. In other words, we cannot have 1-family security without 2 a world at peace ,and 3 national security.
The results of the study showed that people who placed equality high up on their list of values were those who had positive attitudes towards persons of other races and who supported civil rights activity, especially the work of Martin Luther King Jr.
Another interesting finding in this study was that eleven -year-old children ranked a world of beauty 7th in importance, but fifteen-year old children ranked a world of beauty 14th and adults ranked it 17th. Well, what does it mean? Probably it means that as people grow older and take on
more responsibilities in their work and with their own families, that appreciating beauty move-back into the background of their lives. What a pity! Children have more time to enjoy beauty and Nature.
Philosophers, psychologists and religious people have always been very much concerned with values. After all, values represent what we each hold most dear to ourselves and to our society. Societies establish their own forms of government based on the collective values of the people, or at least they try to do so. 16. The best title of this passage can be ▲.
A. The American People B. Research on American Values C. How Psychologists Do Research D. The American Social Custom
答案B，主旨大意题。整篇文章是关于美国人的价值观的，全文反复出现的词就是values。 17. Which of the following might the writer place higher on the list?
A. A world of beauty. C. Equality and freedom.
B. A comfortable life, D. Love and friendship.
答案D, 细节题。由第二段 “I would have thought love and friendship might have come higher on this list.” 可以看出，作者认为爱和友谊是最重要的。 18. Which of the following is NOT true?
A. All Americans look forward to the equality of different races B. Psychologists got some interesting results from this study.
C. Family security and a world at peace are dependent upon each other.
D. People’s concepts of values play an essential role in the formation of their government system.
答案A，细节题。由第三段The results of the study showed that people who placed equality high up on their list of values were those who had positive attitudes towards persons of other races and who supported civil rights activity, …可以看出，并非所有美国人都希望种族平等。
19.The finding that children ranked“a world of beauty”higher than adults probably means that ▲ .
A. American schools begin to lay more emphasis as beauty education
B. American children are usually more kind- hearted than adults
C. adults have less time to enjoy beauty and Nature because of more responsibilities D. a world of beauty would be the most important thing as people grow older
答案C，细节题。定位词a world of beauty, 定位于第四段，由最后三句话 “Probably it means that as people grow older and take on more responsibilities…Children have more time to enjoy beauty and Nature.”可以看出，成年人由于要承担更多的责任，无法像孩子一样欣赏美。 20. According to the last paragraph, values represent ▲. A. what a dear friend our society is to us B. what our dear society can give us C. most valuable things to us and our society D. how we and our society hold to each other
答案C，由最后一段话中 “values represent what we each hold most dear to ourselves and to our society.”可以看出，C为正确答案。
Part Two Vocabulary and Structure（共40小题，每小题1分，共40分）
Directions: There are 40 incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence there are 4 choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the ONE that best completes the sentence. Then mark your answer by blackening the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.
21. Mr. White, who often donates a lot of money to charity, is ___ man I’ve ever known. A. the most generous B. the more generous C. the less generous D. the least generous
答案A. 经常捐钱，是慷慨的人；”I’ve ever known”是范围，一定范围内最…，应使用最高级。
形容词副词最高级的构成: the+最高级（+介词+范围）
Eg: Mother was proud that her daughter looked the most beautiful among the girls in the party that evening.
22. Quite a lot of young people are willing ___ with the old lady, for she is a friendly and easy-going person.
A. talking B. to talk C. to be talked D. being talked 答案B，be willing to do be+形容词+ to do
eg: She is always ready to help others.
be likely可能的certain必然的/sure肯定的/willing愿意的/anxious渴望的/ready准备好的