发布时间 : 星期五 文章刘毅10000词汇学习笔记更新完毕开始阅读
★ confuse（vt）（通常用于被动语态）make sb unable to think clearly；puzzle；bewilder 把某人弄糊涂，使迷惑，使为难 They confused me by asking so many questions。他们提了一大堆问题把我都弄糊涂了。
（vt）mistake one person or thing with another 混淆 ～ A and/with B
Don’t confuse Austria and Australia。不要把奥地利跟澳大利亚弄混淆了。
5、conjecture（v）（书面语）form and express an opinion not based on firm evidence；guess 推测，猜测 ～ about sth Don’t conjectured about the outcome。不要对结果妄加猜测。 （n）猜测，推测
Your theory is pure conjecture。拟的理论纯粹是主观臆测。
◎ conjectural（adj）推测的，猜测的
★ surmise（vt）（书面语）suppose without having evidence that makes it certain；guess 猜测某事物，猜想，揣测
With no news from the explorers we can only surmise their present position。我们没有探险者的消息，只能猜测他们现在所处的位置。
（n）猜测，猜想
Your first surmise is right。你第一次猜对了。 ★ guess（v）give an answer，form an opinion or make a statement about sth without calculating or measuring 猜想，估计、臆测，猜测
6、deranged（adj）精神错乱的，（尤指）有精神病的，精神失常的
◎ derangement（n）
★ upset（vt）打翻，弄翻（尤指无意的） （vt）搅乱，扰乱计划等
7、fiend（n）dvilspirit；devil 恶魔，魔鬼；恶魔般的人，穷凶极恶的人
The fiends of hell 地狱的魔鬼
★ devil（n）魔鬼，鬼怪；恶人，坏蛋，调皮鬼，淘气鬼
8、pine（v）unhappy esp because sb has died or gone away 痛苦（尤指因生离死别）
She certainly hasn’t been pining while you were away。你不在的时候她可并不难受。
（vi）long for or miss sb/sth 渴望或想念某人 ～ for sb/sth
They were pining to return home 他们渴望返回家园。 ★ yearn（vi） desire strongly or with compassion or
tenderness；be filled with longing 渴望，怜悯，思念，留念，盼望 ～ for sb/sth
They yearned for their home and family他们怀念故国家园。
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★ desire（vt）wish for sth；want 希望得到某事物，想要
We all desire happiness and health。我们都希望幸福和健康。 9、smother（vt）cause sb to die from lack of air；or from not being able to breathe；suffocate （使某人）窒息，闷死
She felt smothered with kindness ta感受到难以消受的热情。 （vt）用灰、沙等熄灭或闷住（火）
Smother the flames from the burning pan with a wet towel。用湿毛巾把锅里的火扑灭。
★ choke（vi）be unable to breathe because one’s windpipe is blocked by sth 窒息；（掐住或阻塞气管）使某人难以呼吸，呛 ～ on sth
She choked to death on a fish bone。鱼刺把她卡住而窒息。 ★ suffocate（vt）cause sb to die as a result of not being able to breathe 使某人窒息而死，将某人闷死
Passengers suffocated in the burning aircraft。乘客在燃烧的飞机中窒息而亡。
★ throttle（vt）seize sb by the throat and stop him breathing；strangle 扼某人的颈部，使窒息，勒死
Throttle the guard before robbing the safe。勒死警卫然后枪保险箱。
10、throb（vi）（of the heart，pulse，etc）beat，esp faster or stronger than usual （指心脏、脉搏）跳动（尤指跳动较快或较强）；悸动，搏动 ～ with sth
Her heart was throbbing with excitement。她兴奋的心直跳
（vi）（有规律）的跳动、颤动，或发出声响
The ships engine throbbed quietly。船上的发动机发出轻微的震动。 ★ pulse（vi）move with strong regular movements；beat or throb 强列而有规律的跳动。搏动，震动
The news sent the blood pulsing through his veins 这消息使他的血液都沸腾起来了。
（n）脉搏，节拍，（声波，光波，电波等的）一次脉动 ★ flutter（vi）（of the wings of birds，butterflies，etc ）move lightly and quickly （指鸟、蝴蝶等的翅膀）轻而快的抖动，拍翅
The wings of the bird still fluttered after it had been shot down。那鸟被击落后翅膀仍在抖动。
（vi）move about in quick irregular way 迅速而无规则的乱动；飘动
a flag fluttering from the mast－head 在旗杆上飘扬着的旗帜。
刘毅词汇10000学习笔记 lesson 4（2）
1、broth（n）（煮肉、鱼或蔬菜的）清汤、原汤、高汤
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★ soup（n）汤，羹
（习）in the soup 处于困境，出麻烦
If your Mum finds out what you have done，you will really be in the soup。要是你妈妈发觉你干的事，你就要倒霉了。
2、crevice（n） narrow opening or crack in a rock or wall（岩石、墙壁等的）裂缝、缺口
★ crack（n）line along which sth has broken，but not into separate parts 裂缝、裂纹
a cup with bad cracks in it 有许多裂纹的杯子
（n）narrow opening 缝隙
She looked through a crack in the curtains 他透过帘子的缝隙观望
（词组）～ on sth 重击（通常为可听到响声的） （习）the crack of dawn 黎明、破晓
get up at the crack of dawn 黎明就起床 （习）the crack of doom 世界末日
To get a bus here you have to wait till the crack of doom在这要等到世界末日才能有公共汽车。
（v）develop a crack or cracks 使开裂，破裂，爆裂
You can crack this toughened glass，but you can’t break it 这种韧化玻璃只裂不碎。
3、demean（vt）lower oneself in dignity，deprive oneself of other’s respect 降低自己的身份，失去别人的尊重，贬低自己 ～ oneself
Don’t demean yourself by telling such obvious lies 你不要用这种明显的谎言自贬人格。
◎ demeaning（adj）降低身份的，卑微的，堕落的 He found it very demeaning to have to work for his former employee。他觉得要为他以前的雇员工作很失身份。 ★ degrade（vt）cause sb to be less moral and less deserving of respect 贬低某人，降低某人的身份，使某人丢脸
I felt degrade by having to ask for money。我出于无奈向别人要钱而自觉有失尊严。 4、foster（vt）help the growth or development of sth；encourage or promote 培养，培育某物；鼓励，促进
foster the growth of local industries 扶植地方工业
（v）照顾，抚养（法律上不属于自己的孩子），领养，收养
People who cannot have a baby of their own sometimes foster a child。不能生育的人有时领养别人的孩子。
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★ nurse（v）take care of the sick or injured；look after 看护、护理（病人或受伤者），照顾某人
My mother has been nursing for 40 years。我母亲40年来一直做护理工作。
（vt） give special care to sth；help to develop 特别照料，培养
nurse young plants 培育幼苗 5、incentive（n） thing that encourages sb to do sth；stimulus 激励某人做某事的事物，刺激；奖励 ～ to do sth
They don’t try very hard， but then there’s no incentive 他们不太卖力气，不过却也没给他们奖励。 ★ stimulus（n）（pl stimuli）thing that produces a reaction in living things 使生物体产生反应之物，刺激物
The nutrient in the soil act as a stimulus to growth 土壤中的养分能促进植物生长。 （n）起鼓舞或激励作用的事物，促进因素
Her words of praise were a stimulus to work harder 她赞扬的话鼓舞人工作更加努力。
6、maze（n）（通常做单数）network of paths or hedges designed as a puzzle in which one must find one’s way迷宫 迷魂阵 We got lost in Hampton Court maze。我们在汉普顿科特迷宫迷了路。
（n）confused collection or complicated mass of facts，etc （事情等的）错综，复杂 find one’s way through the maze of rules and regulations 在纷繁的规则和条例中寻找出路。
★ labyrinth（n） complicated network of winding passages，paths，etc through which it is difficult to find one’s way 迷宫
The old building was a labyrinth of dark corridors。那座古老建筑是一座长廊纵横、光线昏暗的迷宫。 7、pore（v） pore over sth 钻研（某事物），审查、审视
She was poring over an old map of the area。她正在仔细查阅该地区的地图。
（n）皮肤上的毛孔，叶子上的气孔
He was sweating at every pore。他汗流浃背。 9、rubbish（n，不可数名词）waste or worthless material 垃圾，废物
（n）（贬，常用作感叹用语）无聊的想法等，胡说 His book is a load of rubbish 他的书简直是废话连篇。 ★ trash（n，不可数名词）material，writing etc of poor quality 拙劣的作品，材料；垃圾，废物
He thinks most modern arts is trash 他认为现代艺术大都是糟粕。
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