发布时间 : 星期六 文章刘毅10000词汇学习笔记更新完毕开始阅读
combine business with pleasure 寓工作于娱乐之中 3、carnivorous（adj）食肉的 ◎ carnivore（n）肉食动物
★ vegetarian（n）吃素的人，食草动物
◎ vegetarianism（n）素食，素食主义
4、denizen（n）（文或谑）长久生长于某地的人或动植物
polar bears，denizens of the frozen north 北极熊，北极冰天雪地的老住户。
★ inhabitant（n）（某地的）居民，住户；栖息的动物
The oldest inhabitants of the island 岛上最早的栖息者
5、frenzy（n）state of extreme excitement；extreme and wild activity or behavior 极度激动的状态；极度狂乱的活动或行为 The speaker worked the crowd up into a state of frenzy。讲演者煽动起群众疯狂的情绪。 ★ ferment（n）发酵剂，酵母
（n）（尤指政治或社会方面的）动荡不安
The country was in a state of ferment。这个国家处于动荡不安中。
6、incapacitate（vt）make sb unable to do sth；weaken or disable sb 使某人不能做某事；使某人孱弱或伤残 ～ sb fro sth ～ sb from doing sth
Poor health incapacitated him for work 他身体不好，一辈子不能工作。
★ disable（vt）make sb unable to do sth；esp by making a limb or limbs useless 使某人丧失能力；使某人残废（尤指肢体） a soldier disabled by leg wounds 腿部受伤致残的士兵 7、massacre（n）大屠杀
（n）（口）（运动队的）惨败
The game was a 10－0 massacre 比赛结果是10－0惨败。 ★ slaughter（n）the killing of animals，esp for food 屠宰（尤指供食用
8、ponder（v）think about sth carefully and for a long time，esp in trying to reach a decision；consider 长时间的仔细考虑某事物（尤指以便作出决定）；深思 ～ on/over sth
I pondered over the incident，asking myself again and again how it could have happened 我反复思考那件事，一再自问究竟是怎么回事。
★ meditate（vi）think deeply，esp about spiritual matters 深思，沉思，冥想（尤指精神方面的问题） ～ on/upon sth
I meditate in order to relax 我沉思冥想以松弛精神。 9、riddle（n）puzzling question，statement or description，esp one intended to test the cleverness of those wishing to solve 谜，（尤指）谜语
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★ enigma（n）question，person，thing，circumbstance，etc that is difficult to understand；mystery 难于理解的问题，人，物，情况等；奥秘
◎ enigmatic（adj）难以理解的；神秘的
10、spank（vt）slap esp a child with a flat hand，esp on the buttocks，as a punishment 掴（尤指小孩）（尤指打屁股惩罚） ★ beat（vt）hit sb/sth repeatedly，esp with a stick （接连的）打（某人某物）（尤指棒打）
Who’s beating the drum？谁在敲鼓？
11、totter（vi）walk or move unsteadily；stagger 走得或动的不稳；踉跄；蹒跚
The child tottered across the room。那孩子跌跌撞撞走到房间那一边。
★ stagger（vi）walk or move unsteadily as if about to fall from carrying sth heavy，being weak or drunk，etc 蹒跚，踉跄，摇晃着移动
She staggered and fell 她踉跄了几步，跌倒在地。
刘毅词汇10000学习笔记 lesson 5（3）
1、appease（vt）make sb/sth quiet or calm，usu by making concessions or by satisfying demands 使某人某事物安静或平息（通常为作出让步或满足要求）
appease sb’s anger 平息某人的怒气
◎ appeasement（n）平息的行动或政策（尤指为避免战争对潜在敌人作出的让步）；安抚，姑息
★ placate（vt）make sb less angry；soothe or pacify 安慰，抚慰某人，使某人平静，息怒
◎ placatory（adj）安慰的，抚慰的，和解的
2、catastrophe（n）sudden great desaster or misfortune 突如其来的大灾难或大灾祸
The earthquake was a terrible catastrophe 这次地震是可怕的灾难。
◎ catastrophic（adj）灾难性的
★ calamity（n）serious misfortune or disaster 灾祸，灾难 There are worse calamities than failing your driving test 比起你驾驶考试不合格来，更大的灾难还多着呢。 3、daunt（vt）（通常用于被动语态）discourage sb；frighten 使某人气馁，威吓；
I was rather daunted by the thought of addressing such an audience 我一想到要对这样的听众讲话，就有些胆小。 （习语）nothing daunted 毫无惧色，毫不气馁
★ dismay（n）feeling of shock and discouragement 惊愕，气馁，灰心
We watched in blank dismay as she packed her bags 我们瞧着她打行李，感到无可奈何。
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4、gape（vi）（贬）stare with an open mouth，usu in surprise 目瞪口呆的凝视，张嘴注视 ～ at sb/sth
What are you gaping at？你目瞪口呆的看什么呢？
★ gawk（vi）（口）stare impolitely or stupidly；无礼的或呆呆的瞪眼看 ～ at sb/sth
I hate being gawking at。我讨厌任佳直瞪着我。
5、duration（n）time during which sth lasts or continues 持续时间，期间
for the duration of this government 本届政府执政期间 ★ period（n）length or portion of time 一段时间，时期
He has had several long periods of time abroad。他在国外长期工作过几次。
◎ periodic（adj）定期的，周期的
6、implore（vt）ask or beg sb earnestly；beseech 恳求或乞求某人；哀求；
They implored her to stay 他们恳求她留下。 ◎ imploring（adj）哀求的，恳求的 ★ entreat（vt）ask sb for sth earnestly and feelingly；beg （为某事）恳求某人 ～ sth of sb
May I entreat a favor of you？您能帮帮忙么？ ◎ entreaty（n）恳求，请求，要求
7、muffle（vt）wrap or cover sb/sth for warmth or protection 包裹或覆盖某人某物（为保暖或保护） ～ sb/sth up in sth
He walked out into the snow，heavily muffled up in a thick scarf and warm overcoat。他雪天出门，裹着厚厚的围巾，穿着暖和的大衣。
★ wrap（vt）cover or enclose sth in soft or flexible material （用软的或可弯曲的材料）包或裹某物 ～ sth up in sth
I have wrapped up the parcels and they’re ready to be posted。我把包裹都包好了，可以寄出去了。
8、prank（n）playful or mischievous trick 玩笑，恶作剧
★ trick（n）thing done in order to deceive or outwit sb 诡计，计谋，花招，骗术
We need a trick to get past the guards 我们需要用计骗过岗哨。
9、saunter（vi）walk in a leisurely way；stroll 漫步，闲逛 saunter down the avenue 沿着林荫道漫步
★ stroll（vi）walk in a slow leisurely way 散步；漫步；闲逛；溜达
He strolls in and out as he pleases 他随意的出来进去闲逛。 10、trickle（v）cause sth to flow in a thin stream 使某物成小股流动
Blood trickled from the wound 血液从伤口流出来。 ★ drip（vi）fall in drops 滴下
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Rain was dripping down from the trees 雨水从树上滴下。
刘毅词汇10000学习笔记 lesson 5（4）
1、astound（vt）（通常用于被动语态）overcome sb with surprise or shock；amaze 使震惊，使大吃一惊；使惊奇
We were astounded to read your letter 我们看了你的信大吃一惊。 ◎ astounding（adj）使人震惊的
★ amaze（vt）（尤用于被动语态）fill sb with great surprise or wonder 使某人惊异或惊奇
We were amazed at the change in his appearance 他的样子变得使我们大为惊奇。 2、clan（n）group of families，esp in Scotland，descended from a common ancestor 宗族，家族；（尤指苏格兰氏的）氏族；大家族，大家庭 ★ tribe（n）racial group（esp in a primitive or nomadic culture）united by language，religion，customs etc and living as a community under one or more chiefs 部落
3、distort（vt）pull or twist sth out of its usual shape 使某物变形，扭曲，弄歪某物
a face distorted by pain 因疼痛而扭曲的脸
（vt）make sth look or sound unnatural 使某物失真
The announcement was so distorted that I couldn’t understand what was said 通告播出的声音严重失真，我听不懂说的是什么。 ★ falsify（vt）alter falsely 窜改（如文件）；伪造； falsify records 伪造记录
（vt）present sth falsely 歪曲（某事物） falsify an issue 歪曲问题
4、entrust（vt）trust sb to take charge of sth/sb 委托某人负责某事物（照看某人） ～ A to B ～ B with A
He entrusted his children to me 他托我照看一天孩子。
★ commit（vt）do sth illegal，wrong or foolish 做不合法的、错的或愚蠢的事；犯
commit murder 犯凶杀
5、glutton（n）person who eats too much 贪吃的人，吃的过多的人
You’ve eaten the whole pie，you glutton 你把整块馅饼都吃了，你这贪吃鬼！
★ gormandizer（n）（贬）大吃大喝的人
6、invalid（adj）not properly based or able to be upheld by reasoning 无适当根据的，无道理的，站不住脚的； an invalid argument 站不住脚的论据 （adj）not usable；not officially acceptable （because of an incorrect detail or details）；not legally recognized 无用的，不能正式接受的，法律上不承认的，无效的
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