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The Development of Automobile Diesel Technology
学院： 诚毅学院 学期：2014-2015第一学期 课程： 专 业 英 语（一） 专业： 班级： 学号： 姓名：
The Development of Automobile Diesel Technology
The diesel is to burn diesel to gain energy release. It is invents by Germany inventor Rudolf Von Labon · Di Sal (Rudolf Diesel) on 1892, in order to commemorate this inventor, diesel is to use his family name Diesel to come to indicate that, but the diesel is also called the Di Sal engine .
The merit of Diesel is that it has great torsion and economy function. Diesel’s work have a lot of identical place , with petrol engine, every cycles have intake stroke,compression stroke , power stroke and exhausts stroke. Because the fuel of diesel is diesel but, its viscosity than the gasoline is greatly , but it's the auto-ignition temperature taking form and lighting the fire than the gasoline hangs down , all is different from the petrol engine. The different is, gas mixture in diesel air cylinder is that pressure burns , is not litten. Entering an air cylinder's is air when the diesel works, the temperature can reach 500-700℃ , pressure can reach 40-50 atmospheric pressure when air compression in air cylinder arrives at a destination. The fuel system’s fule spray nozzle jetting fule with high pressure in short time when the piston near the TDC(top dead center),diesel forms the oily , the high-handed high temperature air mixes and, combustible gas mixture proper motion burns , violent swelling produces the burst power , the acting driving a piston to be issued to the lower levels, the temperature may amount to 1900-2000℃ on this moment ,the pressure may amount to 60-100 atmospheric pressure , the moment of torsion coming into being is very big , so it’s applying to the big diesel equipment.
The American Kangmingsi company has adopt a pump to gush the glib implement formally in 1924, this has reduced a diesel effectively.In the same age ,truck mounting the MAN company of shown one equipment diesel in Berlin Motorama , this is the first automobile having diesel. The Benz company has produced out the first diesel saloons 2000 in 1936. Now, the diesel is already in childbirth in vehicle project by large-scale use .Auto industry is for instance , in recent years middle in our country , the diesel automobile produces proportion rising this year , our country produce the heavy duty truck and buses starting from 1997all adopt the diesel, 65.9%'s medium-sized truck adopt the diesel , 53.5%'s medium-sized passenger car adopt the diesel , 55.4% and 29.4% light truck and light passenger air to also begin to adopt the diesel . Several year of future is the Chinese auto industry rises rapidly times. Therefore, our country diesel oil vehicle output increase trend continue to return back with continuation, automobile diesel oil-rization being a
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development direction of Chinese auto industry. Not only being in the homeland , abroad be also so-called. At present, 100% heavy type truck in 90% light vehicle adopt a diesel, the Europe and America country lathes , the Europe diesel oil saloon already has accounted for 32% of annual output saloon , France , Spain and other’s to reach more than 50% more highly. In the process of development of diesel technology, people realized that the effective and economic method to keep big batches of automobile and low cost production,but it can solve the energy problem.Therefore,the Europe discharges cleaner economy type saloon,or \generation automobile plans in cooperation (PNGV), none exception field all looks on the diesel as the alternative optimum scheme , that 3 litres of saloon (hundred kilometers of oil consume 3 litres) exploitation succeeds is the primary leap being indicating the diesel technology. The government plans encouragement policy continuing putting low fuel oil tax revenue into practice within pretty long period in the days to come to such an extent that Europe composes in reply countries such as Japan, to promote development of diesel. 1.The tradition diesel
The characteristic of tradition diesel : Calorific efficiency and economy are fairly good , the diesel adopt the way of air compression to improve an air dampness , to exceed the temperature of the diesel. Now, entering diesel , diesel spraying with air commixture at this time. Therefore, the diesel engine don’t need the Ignition system. At the same time, the fuel system is simpler so the diesel is more reliable than petrol engine. Since not accepting the detonation restricting and diesel autoignition need,the diesel compression ratio is taller than petrol engine very much. Both calorific efficiency and economy better than the petrol engine, condition is lower at the same time in identical power , the diesel moment of torsion is big, maximum power time rotation rate hangs down, it’s more appropriate for truck.
(1).Crankpin and Connecting Rod:It’s mainly composed of engine block,crankshaft,connecting rod,piston and others.It has the function of energy conversion and moving conversion . Crankpin and connecting rod is a main ingredient of diesel, major component being also that the diesel is maintained.The crankshaft must be strong enough to take the down ward thrusts of the piston during the power strokes without excessive distortion.And to minimize vibration and bearing loads,the rod must be light in weight.
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(2)Valve Train: The function of valve train is putting air to cylinder , the waste gas will come into being after burning discharges cylinder. Match composition such as making the main organization reason axial cam angry , standing the driving device that living , armature pusher , rocker arm assembly , air valve , air valve seat mark with a circle with the axial cam.There are two openings,or ports,in the enclosed end of the cylinder.One of the ports the mixture of air and diesel vapor to enter the cylinder.The other port permits the burned diesel,after combustion,to exhaust,or escape,from the cylinder.In the engine,cams on the camshaft cause the intake and exhaust valves to open and close.There is a cam on the camshaft for each valve or two cams per cylinder.The camshaft is driven by gears,or by a chain,from the crankshaft.
(3)Fuel system: That fuel system main function is that fuel provides clean air to the engine; The waste gas will discharges from cylinder; Diesel is gushed with high-handed fog shape entering a combustion interior, evaporation , commixture and combustion of making. It’s mainly have entering exhaust and fuel oil supplying with a device.
(4)Cooling system: The engine may pass magnanimous quantity of heat on to the block, head of cylinder and others in the job, it’s hang up the temperature rapidly, may lead to the unable regular transmitter job, therefore engine set up have cooling system to carry out a cooling on the engine, with regular guarantee engine working temperature.
(5)Lubrication system: The part would have friction when the engine was working , leads to resistance between the part when moving round the engine, to enhance, makes engine torque efficiency come down; Friction returns life time that can affect to the engine back , makes a transmitter can not work regularly even. For ensuring that the engine can work regularly, sets up the engine having lubricate system, carry out lubrication on the engine.
(6)The pneumatic is systematic: The diesel shifts to travel state process , moves towards the pneumatic being called a diesel from idle state. In the diesel starting system, except that the accumulator cell composes in reply a control circuit is motivation starter external . 2.The electricity gushes a diesel
The tradition diesel system adopt mechanical way to control the amounts of jetting and time of jetting. Mechanical movement’s lagging nature , the long time of control,
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