发布时间 : 星期四 文章17年专插本公共课英语真题详解更新完毕开始阅读
D. everyone needs appreciation and encouragement 44. 题目：根据文章， 。
A. 比起大人，孩子们更需要鼓励。 B. 比起工人，教授更需要赞赏。
C. 对于家庭成员，赞赏并不是必要的。 D. 人人都需要赞赏和鼓励。
解析：从第四段得知，all our associates are human beings and hunger for appreciation. 人人都 需要赞赏和鼓励，因此本题选 D。
45. The writer believes that .
A. people often appreciate things other people do B. people seldom appreciate things other people do
C. say “thanks” to someone, and you’ll soon become friends D. express your gratitude to others, and they will pass it on 45. 题目：作者认为 。
A. 人们通常赞赏他人做的事情。 B. 人们很少赞赏他人做的事情。 C. 对某人说声“谢谢”，就会广结朋友、
D. 对他人表达感激之情，他人会把这份感激之情传递下去。
解析：从第一段“we usually spend about 95 percent of our time thinking about ourselves.”和 第二段“One of the most neglected virtues is appreciation.”得出作者认为我们在日常生活中 缺乏表达赞赏和感激之情。本题选 B。
Passage 4
Industrial robots are already working in many factories around the world and in our homes, for instance as smart vacuum cleaners. Scientists say in a few years we will start seeing so-called “social robots,” capable of engaging with people.
Today’s robots can build cars and explore underwater objects. But interacting with people is more complex than simply taking an incoming message, says Massachusetts Institute of Technology researcher Cynthia Breazeal.
“Social robots really interact with people in ways you feel like you’re interacting with someone rather than something,” she said. “And social robots are really designed to engage you in much more of an interaction that feels like a cooperation or partnership.”
At the Naval Research Laboratory, near Washington, scientists are researching which features robots should have to be able to live with humans. Researcher Alan Schultz says social robots must be adapted to social situations.
“You know if you’re going to have robots out in the wild, so to speak, they have to follow our standards and they have to do things in the way we expect, so that we can move about our environment and not be interrupted by them or have to think hard about the fact that they’re around us,” he said.
Social robots do not necessarily have to have a human face. Steve Cousins, the CEO of Savioke Robotics in Cupertino, California, says their robot called Botlr is already being tested in a hotel, delivering small items to people.
“It’s designed to be in human space and interact with people and around people,” he said.
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“So it interacts with the front desk agent when they’re sending it somewhere. It interacts with people in the elevator as it’s going along. And, it interacts with people at the door when the delivery arrives.”
So far, social robots are limited to very simple tasks like relaying messages or taking family photos. But Cynthia Breazeal, who designed this one, says their abilities may be extended into many different areas.
译文：工业机器人在世界各地的工厂包括家庭中都已经有所应用，例如智能真空吸尘器。 科学家表示，几年后，我们将会开始看到所谓的“社交机器人”，它们能够和人打交道。
今天我们所使用的机器人可以用来制造汽车或探索水下物体。但麻省理工学院研究员 Cynthia Breazeal 表示，与人进行交流可比单纯的接收信息复杂得多。 “社交机器人与人类之间的互动方式会让你觉得你是在和另外一个人互动，而不是和某 东西在互动，”她说道。“它的设计初衷就是为了能让人们参与更多社会互动，建立一种合作 或伙伴关系。”
在华盛顿附近的海军研究实验室里，科学家们正在研究机器人要能够和人类共同生活， 需要具备什么样的特征。研究者艾伦·舒尔茨则表示，社交机器人必须要适应社会环境。
他说“如果要让机器人在自然社会环境下生活，可以这么说，它们必须遵守我们的标准， 必须按照我们的预期行事，这样我们才能够在周围环境中活动，而不会被它们打扰，或者说 不必去担心它们在周围会打扰到我们。”
社交机器人不一定要具有人类的面孔。加州库比蒂诺市 Savioke 机器人公司的 CEO 史蒂 夫·考辛斯说，他们的 Botlr 机器人已经在一家酒店进行了测试，能够向人们提供一些小件 物品。
“它就是被设计成能够在人类的空间里，和人或周围的人进行互动的。”“所以把它放在 前台，它就会跟前台的人互动，在电梯里就会和电梯里的人互动，同样收到快递时会跟站在 门口的快递员互动。
到目前为止，社交机器人仅限于能完成一些非常简单的任务，比如传递消息或者拍摄家 庭照片。但是机器人设计师辛西娅·布雷泽尔说，机器人的功能也可以扩展到许多不同的领 域中去。
46. What will social robots do according to the scientists? A. They will cooperate with people. B. They will clean the big house.
C. They will explore underwater objects. D. They will build different kinds of cars.
46. 题目：从科学家口中得知，社交机器人在未来会做什么？
A. 它们会与人们合作共事。 B. 它们会清理大房间。 C. 它们会探索水下物体。
D. 它们会制造不同类型的汽车。 解析：科学家的说话是在第一段，故本题锁定第一段的内容。从第一段““social robots,” capable of engaging with people.”得知，“社交机器人”，它们能够和人打交道。本题选 A。
47. Which of the following is true according to the passage? A. Social robots are more difficult to design.
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B. Industrial robots are more complicated to design.
C. Social robots can be more useful than industrial robots. D. Industrial robots can do less than social robots. 47. 题目：根据文章，以下哪个陈述是正确的？
A. （比起工业机器人），设计社交机器人，更为复杂。 B. （比起社交机器人），设计工业机器人，更为复杂。 C. 社交机器人的用途比工业机器人更广。
D. 工业机器人能做的事比社交机器人要少。 解析：从每一段都提及到社交机器人制造的复杂性，以及最后一段的“social robots are limited to very simple tasks like relaying messages or taking family photos.”即：目前研发的社交机器人 能完成的事只限于小事，因此技术还有待提高与完善。故本题选 A。
48. It can be inferred from the passage that . A. social robots only serve the people they like B. it’s better for social robots to work in a hotel C. it’s better for social robots to have a human face
D. social robots will be under the control of human beings 48. 题目：从文章可以推断出： 。
A. 社交机器人只服务于它们喜欢的人们。 B. 社交机器人更适合在酒店里工作。 C. 社交机器人拥有一副人脸会更好。 D. 社交机器人将会受到人类的控制。
解析：从第五段“they have to follow our standards and they have to do things in the way we expect, so that we can move about our environment and not be interrupted by them”得知，社 交机器人的活动受限制，是必须根据人类设置的标准去做事。故本题选 D。
49. What does the passage mainly talk about? A. The function of social robots B. The use of industrial robots. C. The daily life of robots. D. The way of designing robots. 49. 题目：文主要讲述什么？
A. 社交机器人的作用/功能。 B. 工业机器人的使用。 C. 机器人的日常生活。
D. 设计机器人的途径/方法。
解析：本文以社交机器人为主展开叙说，故排除 B 的工业机器人。选项 C 太笼统，排除 C。 从第一段、第三段和最后两段都提到了社交机器人的作用，故本题选 A。
50. Which of the following best describes the writer’s tone in the passage? A. Critical B. Prejudiced C. Subjective D. Objective 50. 题目：以下哪个词最能描述文中作者的写作语调？
A. 批判的。
B. 带有偏见性的。 C. 主观的。 D. 客观的。
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解析：本文作者的写作基调，没有偏颇，因此不选 B。也没有批判，排除 A。本文没有作者 的感情色彩，只是客观描述，故再排除 C。本题选 D。
Part III Cloze (15%)
Direction: There are 15 blanks in the following passage. For each blank, there are four choices. Choose the one best answer and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.
Some people worry about my collecting of those fascinating birds and animals that they pay to see in the zoo. One of the questions that is always asked is 51 I became an animal collector. The answer is that I have always been 52 in animals and zoos. According to my parents, the first 53 I was able to say was not the normal “mamma” or “daddy”, but the word “zoo”, which I would 54 many times until someone took me to the 55 . 56 I grew a little older, we lived in Greece and I had a 57 number of pets, ranging from snakes to seahorses, and I 58 all my spare time 59 the countryside in search of fresh specimens to add to my collection of 60 . Later on I 61 for a year in the City Zoo, as a student attendant, to get experience of the large 62 , such as lions, bears, tigers and elephants, which were not easy to keep at home. When I left, I 63 had enough money of my own to be able to pay my first trip and I have been going regularly ever since then. Though a collector’s job is not an 64 one and is full of sorrow, it is certainly a job which will 65 all those who love animals.
51. A. how 52. A. attracted 53. A. day 54. A. recite 55. A. zoo 56. A. Since 57. A. many 58. A. spent 59. A. living 60. A. seahorses 61. A. worked 62. A. plants 63. A. luckily
64. A. independent 65. A. try out
B. where B. interested B. time B. repeat B. city
B. Although B. much B. cost B. going B. pets B. went B. animals B. hopefully B. invisible B. appeal to
C. why
C. frightened C. sentence C. read C. town C. When C. great C. took C. seeing C. birds C. did C. bears C. nearly C. easy C. deal with
D. whether D. surprised D. word D. recognize D. house D. So D. big D. offered D. exploring D. snakes D. practised D. lions D. hardly D. endless D. hold on
51. 详解：how 怎样；如何。where 哪里。why 为什么。whether 是否。结合句意，问我 （）成为一名动物收藏家。并且结合下文 answer 一词，锁定本题选 C。
52. 详解：attracted (被)吸引，如果是“被吸引”，横线后的介词应该是 by。interested 感兴 趣的，be interested in 对...感兴趣。frightened 害怕的，be frightened of sth. 害怕某物/某事。 surprised 惊讶的，be surprised at sth. 对...感到惊讶。结合横线后的介词 in，锁定本题选 B。 53. 详解：day 天；日。time 时间；时光。sentence 句子。word 单词；词。结合 the first、 say 和“mamma”、“daddy”，即“说的第一个（）是‘妈妈’或‘爸爸’”。本题只能选 D。 54. 详解：recite 背诵。repeat 重复。read 阅读；朗读。recognize 辨认。结合生活常识， 小孩喜欢一样东西的时候，都是“缠着”大人们，不断重复他们想要的东西很多遍（many
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