发布时间 : 星期一 文章【解析】福建省福州市八县(市)一中2018-2019学年高二下学期期末联考英语试题更新完毕开始阅读
【26题详解】
猜测词义题。根据第四段中的variables所在的句子“A study from UCLA exploring the relationship between new drivers’ skills and different variables, including gender(性别), shows female students were less confident drivers than men.”可知，UCLA的一项关于探究新手司机驾驶技巧和其它因素(factor，包括性别)之间关系的研究显示女性学员要比男性更缺乏自信。由此可推断出划线词的意思为“因素”。分析选项可知A正确。
【27题详解】
推理判断题。通读全文可知，文章主要讨论驾驶安全是否在性别上有明显差别，这样的文章一般出现在报纸的交通栏目中。故选D。
【点睛】在阅读中我们经常会考查猜测词义题。事实上，阅读材料中的每个词与它前后的词语或句子甚至段落都有联系。运用逻辑推理猜测词义是使用最广考查最多也最易失分的猜词方式，这要求考生具备整合分散、复杂信息的能力，充分利用上下文（各种已知信息）并结合具体的语境推测、判断某些词或短语的词义。例如第3小题词意猜测题。根据第四段中的variables所在的句子“A study from UCLA exploring the relationship between new drivers’ skills and different variables, including gender(性别), shows female students were less confident drivers than men.”可知，UCLA的一项关于探究新手司机驾驶技巧和其它因素(factor，包括性别)之间关系的研究显示女性学员要比男性更缺乏自信。由此可推断出划线词的意思为“因素”。分析选项可知A正确。
C
Six months after a Chinese scientist was widely condemned for helping to make the world's first gene-edited babies, he remains out of public view, and new information suggests that others may be interested in undertaking the same kind of work outside the United States.
A clinic in the United Arab Emirates city of Dubai emailed scientist He Jiankui to seek training in gene editing, Stanford University bioethicist Dr. William Hurlbut said ahead of a speech Tuesday at the World Science Festival in New York.
Hurlbut, whose advice He often sought, said He told him that scientists from multiple countries and families with inherited health problems had messaged support
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and interest in altering the genes of embryos(胚胎)to prevent or treat disease. Hurlbut gave The Associated Press the email the Dubai clinic sent to He in December but decided to hide the clinic's name.
\need \
Jennifer Doudna, a University of California, Berkeley, co-inventor of the CRISPR gene-editing tool that He used, said that she also has heard of others who want to edit embryos.
\also a speaker at the New York festival, said the field needs to focus on setting specific principles for how and when such work should proceed.
\although research should continue, she said. Doudna is paid by the Howard Hughes Medical Institute, which also supports AP's Health and Science Department.
Scientists and policy leaders have been debating how to set international standards or controls since He claimed in November that he had altered the genes of twin girls at conception(怀孕)to try to help them resist possible future infection with the AIDS virus.
Editing embryos is outlawed in many countries because it risks damaging other genes, and the DNA changes can be passed to future generations. Many scientists have condemned He's work, and attention has fallen on other scientists who knew or strongly suspected what He was doing.
28. What is the email the Dubai clinic sent to He Jiankui probably about? A. Expectation of gene editing training. C. Eagerness to use the technology.
B. Inherited health problems. D. Practical governance in need.
29. Why does Doudna think that there is need to put governance on gene-editing? A. Because there is decreasing eagerness to use the technology of altering the genes of embryos.
B. Because the clinic use of the technology in human embryos is still in inadequate preparation.
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C. Because the evidence showing people's need of the technology is just completely unbelievable.
D. Because some scientists or doctors may use the technology with the aim of making profits.
30. What can we infer from the passage?
A. He Jiankui used to held consultations with Hurlbut on gene editing. B. It's still illegal to edit the genes of embryos in many countries.
C. How to set international standards or controls over gene-editing is still in heated debate.
D. Doudna assisted He Jiankui by providing a tool to alter the genes of twin girls at conception.
31. Which of the following can be the best title of this passage? A. He Opens a New Age in Genetics
B. The First Gene-edited Babies in the World C. A New Method of Preventing diseases D. Gene-edited Babies Debate Continues 【答案】28. A 29. B 30. A 31. D 【分析】
本文为夹叙夹议文章。随着科技
发展，人们能对人类胚胎的基因进行重新编辑。文章主要
讨论了对人类胚胎进行基因编辑的行为引发的持续不断的争议和谴责。 【28题详解】
细节理解题。第二段第一行“A clinic in the United Arab Emirates city of Dubai emailed scientist He Jiankui to seek training in gene editing,…”可知阿拉伯联合酋长国迪拜市的一家诊所给科学家何建奎发邮件，要求他接受基因编辑方面的培训，即希望得到基因编辑培训。分析选项可知A正确。 【29题详解】
细节理解题。A项错误，“decreasing eagerness”应为“increasing eagerness”；B项答案依据见第七段第一行“The technology is frankly just not ready for clinical use(临床使用)in human embryos”；根据第六段第一行的“\think they're entirely credible,\
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的she said…”判断C项错误；D项在文章中没有直接依据。故选B。 【30题详解】
推理判断题。A项的答案依据见第三段第一行“Hurlbut, whose advice He often sought, said…”可知He经常向Hurlbut寻求建议，而两人都是基因学领域的专家，由此判断He经常就基因编辑向Hurlbut进行咨询，故A正确。文中所指违法的是对人类胚胎基因进行编辑，而非所有的动物的胚胎基因编辑，故B项错误。C项在文章倒数第二段第一行“Scientists and policy leaders have been debating how to set international standards or controls since…”就直接说到，不需推断，不符合题目要求，故C项错误。He借用了Doudna发明的基因编辑工具，但不能据此判断Doudna曾协助过他， D项错误。故选A。 【31题详解】
主旨大意题。第一段中明确提出对Gene-edited Babies的行为在世界上引发的持续不断的受到谴责和争论，但仍有人对此感兴趣。接着下文具体讨论了一些科学家对人类胚胎进行基因编辑的争论。全文中多次出现Gene-edited Babies Debate Continues一词，因此以Gene-edited Babies Debate Continues为最好。分析选项可知D项符合题意。
【点睛】选择标题在英语阅读理解中属于主旨大意题，是一种深层理解题。要求考生在通读全文的基础上，认真分析文章大意及作者的写作意图。通常情况下，标题要有根据性，针对性和醒目性的特点。所谓概括性，就是指标题应最大程度上覆盖全文，囊括文章的主要内容，体现文章的主题。针对性就是对标题外延的一种界定，标题要直接指向文章的主要特点。而醒目性是为了吸引了读者的注意，唤起读者对文章阅读的兴趣。
确定最佳标题的方法。在阅读文章时，要注意文章中反复出现的或强调的信息，寻找与文章大多数内容相关的信息。找出覆盖全文的核心词汇，看选项内容是否切中文章的中心论题。也就是要看选项内容与作者的写作目的是否一致。如第4小题，文章反复出现的单词是Gene-edited Babies，这与选项D中的Gene-edited Babies相照应。
寻找文章的主题句。文章主要论题的关键是找到文章的主题句。主题句通常在文章的首段，也可能在文章的末段，在文章的某一段落，或分散在文章的各个段落中。如果每个段落都有主题句，那么把各段落的主题句的中心集中起来，即为全文的主题句。第4小题，第一段中明确提出对Gene-edited Babies的行为在世界上引发的持续不断的受到谴责和争论，但仍有人对此感兴趣。接着下文具体讨论了一些科学家对人类胚胎进行基因编辑的争论。全文中多次出现Gene-edited Babies Debate Continues一词，因此以Gene-edited Babies Debate Continues为最好。分析选项可知D项符合题意。
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