发布时间 : 星期二 文章上海市嘉定区高三英语一模试卷（含答案及听力文字）更新完毕开始阅读
due to the tiny cracks and gaps that 60 over time and let in more outside 61 .
62 , there are a vast number of relatively simple changes that can green older homes, from 63 ones like Lincoln's Cottage to your own postwar home．And efficiency upgrades (升级) can save more than just the earth; they can help 64 property owners from rising power 65 . 51. A. terrible B．wasteful C．wonderful D．useful 52. A．put B．build C．replace D．take 53. A．reduced B．increased C．used D．destroyed 54. A．old B．fashionable C．new D．beautiful 55. A．magazines B．trees C．materials D．resources 56. A．nearly B．hardly C．rarely D．mostly 57. A．libraries B．schools C．homes D．stores 58. A．improvement B．appearance C．stability D．change 59. A．most B．really C．very D．least 60. A．expand B．narrow C．strengthen D．weaken 61. A．dust B．air C．smoke D．water 62. A．Oppositely B．Unfortunately C．Fortunately D．Frankly 63. A．historic B．worthless C．ordinary D．meaningless 64. A．charge B．protect C．punish D．warn 65. A．prices B．costs C．businesses D．bargains Section B
Directions: Read the following four passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read．
A
Among all the fast growing science and technology, the research of human genes, or biological engineering as people call it, is drawing more and more attention now. Sometimes it is a hot topic discussed by people.
The greatest thing that gene technology can do is to cure serious diseases that doctors at present can almost do nothing with, such as cancer and heart disease. Every year, millions of people are murdered by these two killers. And to date, doctors have not found an effective way to cure them. But if the gene technology is applied, not only these two diseases can be cured completely, bringing happiness and more living days to the patients, but also the great amount of money people spend on curing their diseases can be saved, therefore it benefits the economy as well. In addition, human life span(寿命) can be prolonged.
Gene technology can help people to give birth to healthy and clever children. Some families, with the English imperial family being a good example, have hereditary(遗传的) diseases. This means their children will for sure have the family disease, which is a great trouble for these families. In the past, doctors could do nothing about hereditary diseases. But gene technology can solve this problem perfectly. The scientist just need to find the wrong gene and correct it, and a healthy child will be born.
Some people are worrying that the gene research can be used to manufacture human beings in large quantities. In the past few years, scientists have succeeded in cloning a sheep, therefore these people predict that human babies would soon be cloned. But I believe cloned babies will not come out in large quantities, for most couples in the world can have babies in very normal way. Of course, the government must take care to control gene technology.
66. What does “these two killers” in the second paragraph refer to? A. Gene technology and another treatment of the two diseases. B. The two murderers who killed the cloned baby. C. The two diseases of cancer and heart disease. D. Hereditary diseases and cancer.
67. What’s the main idea of the third paragraph?
A. How gene technology can be applied in the field of treating hereditary diseases. B. Gene technology can be used to clone human babies. C. Gene technology can help people to give birth to a baby. D. Gene technology can help the English imperial family out.
68. In what way gene technology can help to treat hereditary diseases?
A. Using gene technology, people with hereditary diseases can have more living days. B. Using gene technology, the scientist finds the wrong gene and corrects it. C. Using gene technology, human babies can be cloned.
D. Doctors can cure cancer and heart disease with the help of gene technology. 69. What is the main purpose of writing this passage?
A. Expressing the writer’s idea that gene technology will benefit people. B. Telling people the disadvantages of gene technology.
C. Telling the readers that gene technology will not benefit people. D. Explaining that gene technology will also do harm to the humanity.
B
Homestay provides English language students with the opportunity to speak English outside the classroom and the experience of being part of a British home.
What to Expect
The host will provide accommodation and meals. Rooms will be cleaned and bedcovers changed at least once a week. You will be given the house key and the host is there to offer help and advice as well as to take an interest in your physical and mental health.
Accommodation Zones
Homestays are located in London mainly in Zones 2, 3 and 4 of the transport system. Most hosts do not live in the town centre as much of central London is commercial and not residential. Zones 3 and 4 often offer larger accommodation in a less crowded area. It is very convenient to travel in London by underground.
Meal Plans Available ? Continental Breakfast ? Breakfast and Dinner
? Breakfast, Packed Lunch and Dinner
It’s important to note that few English families still provide a traditional cooked breakfast. Your accommodation includes Continental Breakfast which normally consists of fruit juice, cereal (谷物类食品), bread and tea or coffee. Cheese, fruit and cold meat are not normally part of a Continental Breakfast in England. Dinners usually consist of meat or fish with vegetables followed by desert, fruit and coffee.
Friends
If you wish to invite a friend over to visit, you must first ask your host’s permission. You have no right to entertain friends in a family home as some families feel it is an invasion of their privacy.
Self-Catering Accommodation in Private Homes
Accommodation on a room-only basis includes shared kitchen and bathroom facilities and often a main living room. This kind of accommodation offers an independent lifestyle and is more suitable for the long-stay student. However, it does not provide the same family atmosphere as an ordinary homestay and may not benefit those who need to practice English at home quite as much. 70. The passage is probably written for ______. A. hosts willing to receive foreign students B. foreigners hoping to know British culture C. travelers planning to visit families in London
D. English learners applying to live in English homes 71. Which of the following will the host provide? A. Room cleaning. B. Medical care. C. Free transport. D. Physical training. 72. According to the passage, what does Continental Breakfast include? A. Dessert and coffee. B. Fruit and vegetables. C. Bread and fruit juice. D. Cereal and cold meat. 73. Why do some people choose self-catering accommodation? A. To experience a warmer family atmosphere. B. To enrich their knowledge of English. C. To entertain friends as they like. D. To enjoy much more freedom.
C
Are you an optimist? Do you look at your glass and see it as half full? Do you believe that every cloud has a silver lining and that things generally turn out for the best? Do you believe that if something is meant to be, it will be? If you reply “yes” to all of these questions, then you are an optimist. You probably are enthusiastic, cheerful and outgoing. You may be successful at work and in love.
But you may be misguided because things don’t turn out for the best. You may believe that when one door closes another one opens (for example, you may fail to obtain a new job; another chance will come around soon). Wrong. When one door closes, another door slams (砰然关上) in your face. That’s bitter reality.
Now a book has been published which confirms what pessimists (悲观者) have suspected all along. It’s called The Positive Power of Defensive Pessimism. Its author argues that defensive pessimism can lead to positive results. Defensive pessimism is a strategy used to manage fear, anxiety and worry. Defensive pessimists prepare for the things by setting low outcomes for themselves. They carefully consider everything that may go wrong and plan for ways to handle these problems. And this gives them a sense of control. Lawrence Sanno, a psychology professor, says, “What’s interesting about defensive pessimists is that they tend to be very successful people, so their low opinion of the situation’s outcomes is not realistic. They use it to motivate themselves to perform better.”
So far, so good. This is not rocket science. Defensive pessimists prepare carefully and consider what might go wrong, whether at work, on date or even in a sports game. It makes sense to have a back-up plan. There are many sayings in English urging caution. For example, “Don’t put all your eggs in one basket.” And “Don’t count your chickens until they hatch.” To have a confident and
optimistic approach to life’s problems is good. But listen to what Woody Alien, the American comedian says, “Confidence is what you have before you understand the problem.”
There are pros and cons（利与弊） to being an optimist and a pessimist. Don’t feel bad if you see the glass half empty. You are a realist. But lighten up and hook up with someone who sees the same glass half full.
74. What’s the passage mainly about?
A. The benefits of defensive pessimism. B. A book that has recently been published. C. The dangers of being too optimistic. D. How to become successful in life.
75. The underlined sentence “This is not rocket science” (Para. 4) means __________. A. there is no real proof B. it is quite simple to understand C. the cost is not so high D. it’s not a dangerous thing to do 76. Which of the following English expressions would a defensive pessimist believe? A. Whatever will be, will be. B. The glass is half full not half empty. C. Don’t put all your eggs in one basket. D. Every cloud has a silver lining. 77. We can infer from the passage that the writer is probably __________. A. a realist B. an optimist C. a defeatist D. a scientist Section C
Directions: Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words.
Stress for a teenager is as real a problem as stress for an adult. Therefore, it’s important to understand the causes of stress in teenagers.
When parents change their jobs or if the family decides to move to a different place, the child has to change schools, find new friends, adapt to the new social circle and fit into new groups. It is always difficult for children to adapt to such changes, which can be a serious cause of stress in their life.
Academic difficulties, such as inability to understand a certain subject can cause stress. Not every child has the ability to understand every subject. Some kids need extra help besides school work to grasp a few concepts. Poor academic performance is often laughed at and is looked down upon by both teachers and peers. In such cases, it can make the child feel isolated, neglected and hurt. All of this, put together, can add to stress, which many times worsens grades.
Extra curricular activities (课外活动) such as playing a sport, or attending art classes can weigh heavily on your child’s mind. Balancing school and extra curricular activities does seem like a burden when you have to be outstanding at both. When the pressures from both the ends get unmanageable, teenagers tend to get tired and annoyed. Tiredness sets in, leading to stress related issues such as lack of concentration in school.
These are the common causes of stress in teenagers, which can be noticed through signs such as poor memory, anxiety, negative and pessimistic attitude. If the signs of teenage stress go unrecognized for a long time, it can make the child emotionally out of balance. And next step, if this happens, it is necessary for parents to know how to deal with stress. 78. What does the passage mainly talk about?
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