发布时间 : 星期二 文章2014年福建专升本（博迪专升本）大学英语语法资料更新完毕开始阅读
用who 或whom；先行词前有the only, the first, the last, the next, the very等词修饰时，引导词只能用that。 例如：
1) I never did hate the Yankees. All (that) I hated was the war. 2) All that glitters in not gold.
3) Is there anyone here who can speak English? 4) He is the only person that was present at the time. 5) Any driver who drives beyond limit is risking his life. 6) This is the most interesting book (that) I’ve ever read. 7) He saw the manager talking to somebody whom he didn’t know.
8) This is the very film that I want to see.
9) She was the only student in the class that knew where he was.
5. as 引导的定语从句
as引导的定语从句有两种形式：
5.1 引导限制性定语从句：在此类从句中，as常与主句中作为其先行词才such, the same或as连用，构成 “such…as”, “the same…as”结构，课代替先行词是人或物的名词。在”the same…as” 结构中，as 也课用that代替。 例如:
1) We hope to get such a tool as he is using.
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2) He is reading the same reference book as I read yesterday. 3) I feel just the same as/that you do.
5.2 as 引导非限制性定语从句时，作用与which相同。as 作
为关系代词代整个主句。其引导的从句可位于主句前，中间或主句后，而which引导的不能放在句首。 例如：
1) She came very early this morning, as /which (was) usual. 2) As is reported, a foreign delegation will visit the city. 3) He is, as can be seen from his face, very excited.
6. but 引导的定语从句
But可做关系代词引导定语从句，同具有否定意义的主句
连用，其先行词是人 或物。在意义上but与“that…not”, “who…not”, “which…not”同。 例如：
1) There was not a single student in my class but respected their
math teacher.
(=There was not a single student in my class who did not
respect their math teacher（我们班没有一个学生不尊敬数学老师。）
2) Hardly a man came to the exhibition but was deeply impressed by the originality of his works.
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(=Hardly a man came to the exhibition who was not deeply
impressed by the originality of his works. )
(参观的人几乎无不对他作品的创造性留下深刻印象。) 3) There is no one in the world but knows the Great Wall. (=There is no one in the world who doesn’t know the Great Wall.)
7. 一种特殊的定语从句句式
当关系代词在定语从句中作主语，同时主句是由it is (was), that is (was), there be 引导时，关系代词可以省略。 例如：
1) That is the teacher (who) will give us a lecture. 2) It is the latest book (that is ) on the subject.
8. 同位语从句
同位语从句是指一个句子与另一个语言结构（通常是名词或代词）并列在一起。
后面的句子对前一名词或词组起解释或细节描绘的作用。 8.1 同位语从句一般由that, whether或关系代词that, which,
who 以及关系副词when, where, how, why等引导。 例如：
1) The question whether we ought to call in a specialist was answered by the factory.
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2) There can be no doubt that she is a very good teacher. 3) We have no idea what has happened.
4) Here is the question when we could get there. (现在的问题是我们什么时候能到那里。) 8.2 以下名词可接同位语从句：
rumor, fact, idea, belief, news, problem, question,
information, opinion, report, thought, knowledge, order, decision, answer, hope, doubt, truth, principle, plan, theory, promise, statement, proof, message, guarantee, proposal, dtc. 例如：
1) So far there is no proof that spaceships from other planets do exist.
2) News came that our team had won the first prize. 8.3 同位语从句有时可以和它所修饰的名词分开 例如：
I’ve come with a piece of news from Jim that we are invited to the conference.
Lecture 4 Tense and Voice (动词的时态和语态)
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