发布时间 : 星期二 文章初中英语语法讲解以及练习题（整理后，可打印）更新完毕开始阅读
1
名词
一、专有: 人/事物/地点/机构 Tianjin, France, the Great Wall, Chinese 普通: 一类人/事物 固有名称 个体: student, table 物质: water, air, rain
抽象(动作, 状态, 品质):future, help, health 集合: class, people, family 二、表示的事物的性质
可数: a pen, two boxes (可直接用数字计算的) 不可数 ink, work
用量数+of 表示数量 a piece of paper; a bottle of water; three cups of tea Here is a bottle of wine.
There are four glasses of milk. I need a box of apples.
There are two baskets of eggs on the table.
可数名词:单数
复数: 规则与不规则 规则:1、直接 + s maps bags
2、以s x sh ch 结尾 + es brushes watches boxes buses
3、辅音字母 + y 结尾, 把y 变 i + es cities families (boys)
4、以f, fe 结尾, 把f, fe 变 v + es knives leaves (roofs, handkerchiefs) 5、以o 结尾 + es potatoes tomatoes (pianos, photos, radios) 6、不规则: children feet teeth mice men women Frenchmen (Germans, human beings) 7、单复数一样: Chinese Japanese fish deer sheep 形式单数意义复数: cattle police people The people here are very friendly.
以复数形式出现: clothes, glasses, shoes, stockings, trousers His clothes are over there. 名词所有格:
有生命的东西的名词 + ‘s 表示谁的
Tom‘s friends; the students‘ books; the teacher‘s office; the students‘ reading room
表几个人共有一样东西:
Bei and Rong‘s room is very clean. 表各自所有:
Liu‘s and Peng‘s mothers are both teachers. 省略:避免重复
This is not my brother‘s glass but my husband‘s. 表示店铺, 某人家时
the doctor‘s (office); the Green‘s (house); the tailor‘s (shop) 指时间,距离的名词也可用名词所有格
Beijing‘s population; five minutes‘ walk; today‘s newspaper
表无生命的东西的名词所有关系, 用of 形式 The leg of the table; the cover of the book
2
双重所有格: of短语 + 名词所有格 a friend of my sister‘s;
a picture of Mrs. Wang‘s (a picture of Mrs. Wang) 名词在句子中的作用
The teacher taught us an English song yesterday. My daughter likes Chinese. Linda was elected monitor. We named her Beibei. We would like to visit a car factory. John David, a famous America singer, died in an aircraft crash.
名词练习题
例题:
Please keep quiet. If you make a lot of , you may disturb others. A. voice B. noise C. sound D. singing ——Would you like some drinks, boys? ——Yes, , please. A. some oranges B. two boxes of chocolates C. some cakes D. two bottles of orange This is room. The twin sisters like it very much. A. Lucy‘s and Lily‘s B. Lucy‘s and Lily C. Lucy and Lily‘s After playing football for more than a half hour, the students took rest. A. a few minute‘s B. a few minutes‘ C. a little minute‘s D. a little minutes‘
1. There are fifty six in China.
A. people B. peoples C. people‘s D. of people 2. There is not enough in the corner to put the table. A. place B. room C. floor D. ground
3. The new pair of which I bought yesterday is made of . A. glasses; glass B. glass; glass C. glasses; glasses D. glass; glasses 4. The Whites to China for holiday this summer. A. is going to fly B. fly C. are going to fly D. flies
5. He told us he had some , some , two dogs, and a cow on his farm. A. sheeps; chickens B. sheep; chickens C. sheep; chicken D. sheeps; chicken 6. There have been a lot of in our city since 1990. A, woman doctors B. woman doctor C. women doctor D. women doctors
7. These visitors are from . But they are probably not , because they
speak . A. German; German; French B. Germany; Germen; France C. Germany; Germans; French D. German; Germans; France 8. They got much from those new books. A. ideas B. photo C. information D. message 9. If there is a big football match, several will watch the traffic. A. hundreds polices B. hundreds police C. hundred polices D. hundred police 10. The old teacher is a friend of . 3
A. my eldest brother‘s B. my eldest brother C. my eldest brothers‘ D. my eldest brothers 11. This book will be in your studies. A. of great use B. of helpful C. with care D. great importance 12. The teachers who are coming to us are mothers. A. Rose and Dick‘s B. Rose‘s and Dick‘s C. Rose and Dicks‘ D. Rose and Dick 13. ——Is this newspaper? ——Yes, it‘s my . A. today‘s; father B. today‘s; father‘s C. today; father‘s D. today; father 14. The new shop sells clothes and shoes. A. women B. women‘s C. womens‘ D. woman‘s 15. It is about walk from here to the station. A. half an hours‘ B. a half hours‘ C. half a hour‘s D. half an hour‘s 16. What we are having today! A. the fine weather B. a fine weather C. fine a weather D. fine weather
( ) 1. _____ are going to England for a holiday. A. The Wang B. Wang‘s C. The Wang‘s D. The Wangs ( ) 2. There are many _____ in the school. A. women teachers B. woman teachers C.women teacher D. woman teacher ( ) 3. _____ turn yellow in autumn. A. Leaf B. Leaves C. Leave D. Leafs
( ) 4. Will you please show me the way to the _____ shop? A. shoe B. shoes‘ C. shoes D. shoe‘s
( ) 5. Help yourselves to some _____ , dear children! A. fishs B. fishes C. fish D. the fish ( ) 6. _____ hard work it is! A. What a B. How C. What D. How a
( ) 7. Do you believe that there are two _____ in my class? A. Maries B. Marys C. Mary‘s D. Marys‘ ( ) 8. His family _____ a happy one. A. be B. are C. is D. was
( ) 10. My grandparents like _____ very much, so they grow some in their _____ garden every year. A. vegetable, vegetable B. vegetable, vegetables C. vegetables, vegetables D. vegetables, vegetabl
4
冠词
用法：不可独立使用,放在名词前 分类：不定冠词：a an 定冠词: the 不定冠词
用法: a + 一般名词
an + 发音以元音音素开头的名词
a house; a university; a book; an hour; an umbrella; an apple 1. 第一次提到某人, 某物 There is a ball under the chair. Mrs. Li is a math teacher. 2. 代表某类人/物 A horse is a useful animal. Even a child can answer this question. 3. 表示每一的 Take this medicine three times a day. 4. 固定词组 (平时积累) have a rest; a long time; a few; a lot of; a bit; go out for a walk 定冠词
the 这个;那个;这些;那些
1. 特指某个人/某物; 谈话双方都知道的事物; 重复提到过的人/事物
They are playing basketball. The ball is hers. Would you please take the book to Mr. Liu?
There is a table by the window. On the table there are some books. 2. 用在世界上独一无二的事物前; 方位名词前
Liu Beibei wants to visit the Summer Palace. The sun sets in the west.
3. 用在单数可数名词前,表示某类人或事物
The computer is a very useful machine. The elephant is bigger than the horse.
4. 用在序数词,形容词或副词最高级或only修饰的名词前
This is the first time he visits Europe. He is the best teacher they have ever met.
She is the only teacher who has been to both America and Britain. 5. 用在乐器前
My daughter likes to play the piano. (表球类,棋类名词前不用) 6. the + adj 表示某类人或事物
the poor; the young; the wounded
7. the + 姓氏复数形式, 表示…一家人或夫妇
The Greens are watching TV now. The Wangs are kind to us. 8. 专有名词前
The Yellow River; the Red Sea; The people‘s Republic of China; The Great Wall.