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Unit 7– Section A
? Language Focus – Words in Use
1. If you promise you won't (reveal) my name, I will tell you the true story. 2. Are you (implying) that I am the one to blame? I didn't do anything wrong!
3. While advertisements do not necessarily present (accurate) information, they do make people aware of the availability of products that could improve their lives.
4. He (exaggerated) the dangers of the trip to the mountain in order to frighten the children out of going.
5. You have to (eliminate) all the mistakes from the essay before you hand it in.
6. The new policy was expected to (facilitate) the development of trade between the two cities. 7. She was (frustrated) by her failure in applying for the post she had long dreamed of. 8. In most cultures it is not (appropriate) for one to wear a red dress or suit at a funeral.
9. He suddenly became (conscious) that he was the only person who wasn't dressed formally at the reception.
10. To (launch) this new product into the European market, the company gave away 10,000 free samples to the local consumers to try.
? Word Building 1. continue 1. continual 2. emotional 2. emotion 3. industry 3. industrial 4. part 4. partial 5. correspond 5. correspondence 6. innocence 6. innocent 7. present 7. presence 8. occur 8. occurrence 9. intelligent 9. intelligence 10. worth 10. worthy 11. unite 11. unity 12. inquiry 12. inquire
1. He had kept up (correspondence) with his friends for many years, but all of a sudden, he stopped writing to them.
2. The (continual) tick of the clock got on my nerves, and I found it hard to fall asleep.
3. Your responsibility for the failure of the plan is only (partial) . Your partner should also take responsibility.
4. She remained calm and cool in appearance, but she gave away her (emotion) by smoking one cigarette after another.
5. Newspapers should record important (occurrences) of the day, but this significant incident was missed by many newspapers on that day.
6. The court made a huge mistake in sending a(n) (innocent) man to jail; he was put into prison for 10 years for doing nothing wrong.
7. I think the scientist is (worthy) of the high praise that has been given to him.
8. Some (industrial) chemicals and food additives (添加剂) are known to increase cancer risk. 9. He was not as self-confident as before in the (presence) of so many competitors. On the contrary, he felt very nervous.
10. He got lost on the street, and had to (inquire) about how to get to the department store.
11. It is our consistent policy that we will achieve (unity) through peaceful means, not by using arms.
12. There are two factors which determine an individual's (intelligence) : the brain that a person is born with, and the environment in which he is brought up.
? Banked Cloze Plagiarizing, copying a peer's test answers, and buying essays online are all ways in which college students cheat. According to a survey, nearly 80% of the students interviewed (1) (admitted) cheating at some point during their educational (2) (career). The consequences are severe (严重的), ranging from a failing grade to being (3) (expelled) from college. But why do students cheat?
In college, the (4) (pressure) to do well is very high. Students know that without (5) (satisfactory) grades, their potential for success at school would be limited, so they sometimes copy their peers' answers in the exam. Besides, with today's technology, there is more information (6) (available) online than ever before. Students don't have to (7) (browse) the Internet long to find essays for sale. These are just some of the reasons why college students might cheat. Although colleges do everything they can to (8) (prevent) cheating, it still goes on. And cheating becomes more (9) (extensive) in some schools. But students should think about the consequences they will (10) (confront). They should stop and think about how happy and proud they will be when they earn a good grade in an honest way.
? Language Focus – Expressions in Use
1. The activities of famous people always attract people's attention, (not to mention) their marriages and divorces.
2. You are free to use the resources in the library or on the Internet, but you must (turn in) a paper written in your own words.
3. Some taxis do not have a meter (计程表). Then it's easy for some dishonest taxi drivers to (rip off) their passengers.
4. All the employees must work hard to (cope with) the present financial difficulties in order to triumph over them in a short period of time.
5. She has already (launched a campaign) for a charity that helps people suffering from unusual diseases.
6. You really believe that this medicine can cure all diseases? (If this is the case/If that is the case) , we don't need doctors or hospitals any more.
7. In my opinion, educational reforms should not (be confined to) big cities alone, where conditions are already much more advanced than in the countryside.
8. Lecturers and journalists have been arguing over a serious question: Will this area (descend into) chaos if another major strike takes place?
? Translation
? 英译汉
The belief in the freedom of the individual is probably the most basic and most strongly held of all American beliefs. The most important thing to understand Americans is probably their devotion (深爱) to \They have been trained since very early in their lives to consider themselves as separate individuals who are responsible for their own situations in life and their own destiny. Americans view themselves as highly individualistic in their thoughts and actions. They resist being thought of as representatives of any homogeneous (由同类组成的) group. When they do join groups, they believe they are special, just a little different from other members of the same group. Closely associated with the value they place on individualism is the importance Americans assign privacy. Americans assume people \or \have great difficulty understanding foreigners who always want to be with another person and who dislike being alone.
在所有美国人的信念中，最基本、最强烈的信念可能就是崇尚个人自由。要理解美国人，最重要的也许就是了解他们对\个人主义\的热爱。生活中他们很早就开始受到教育，把自己看成独立的个体，对人生中自己的处境以及自己的前途命运负责。美国人认为自己的思想和行为高度个性化。他们不愿被视为任何同质群体的代表。如果确实加入了群体，他们也认为自己有特别之处，与同一个群体中的其他成员有着些许的差别。与美国人对个人主义赋予的价值紧密相关的是他们对个人隐私的重视。美国人认为，人\需要有自己的时间\或者\有时间独处\，用来思考事情，或者恢复他们所消耗的心理能量。美国人很难理解那些总想与人结伴、不爱独处的外国人。
? 汉译英
为人诚信，以和为贵是中华民族的传统美德。\和\的思想体现在很多方面。在处理人与人的关系上，中国传统思想主张\和为贵\以及\家和万事兴\，从而创造一个和谐的社会环境。
在人与自然的关系上，人类应当学会认识自然，尊重自然，保护自然。人与人、人与社会、人与自然都需要\和谐\。如今，和谐发展依然是我们的治国之本和管理人才之道。随着我国社会经济和文化的发展，\和\的思想更加深入人心。中国正在向构建社会主义和谐社会的目标迈进。
Integrity and harmony are traditional Chinese virtues. \aspects. In regard to interpersonal relations, traditional Chinese thoughts hold that \most precious\and \family that lives in harmony will prosper\A harmonious social environment can be created based on these principles. As for relations between human beings and nature, people should learn to understand, respect and protect nature. Harmony is essential to interpersonal relations, relations between human beings and society, as well as between human beings and nature. Nowadays, harmonious development is still the way of running the country and managing talented personnel. With the development of China's society, economy and culture, the idea of \building a harmonious socialist society.
Unit 7– Section B
? Language Focus – Words in Use 1. A big problem (encountered) by most freshmen is that they feel sick about being away from home.
2. Jane is a talented language learner. She could (switch) easily from French to English.
3. As a customer service manager, you need to get used to listening to (complaints) from customers.
4. Many people kindly (volunteered) to help us build a shelter for the homeless. 5. Students who do badly in school tests tend to (perceive) themselves to be failures.
6. Some very old traditions still (prevail) in the mountain villages due to lack of communication with the outside world.
7. These young students have just graduated from college and they are (ignorant) of the realities of the modern commercial (商业的) world.
8. Due to the government's (prompt) response to the crisis, the country's economy has not suffered great losses.
9. Parents put a lot of pressure on their children to get good grades. Some parents promise to give rewards for good grades and (threaten) to punish for bad ones.
10. The people who were surveyed in the study had been chosen (randomly) so that the result would be convincing.
? Language Focus – Expressions in Use 1. I am afraid another program error has (cropped up) , so the report won't be ready until tomorrow.
2. It's impolite for us to (cut in line) and we should keep order in public places.
3. The board of directors (pointed to) falling productivity to justify their decision to employ overseas experts.
4. The national income figures (1) (play an) important (2)
(role in) the planning of both short- and long-term government policies.
5. We need to (go beyond) the misleading evidence to recognize the nature of this accident. 6. The famous actress did not (show up) at the party, which was very disappointing to her fans. 7. After the robbery the police immediately (gave chase) to the suspect. And it didn't take long to arrest the robber.
8. Why don't you (mind your own business) ? Let's not interfere with each other. 9. You have to (live with) the fact that you are no longer as strong as you were. 10. I'll (1)
(pass) these clothes (2)
(on to) my little niece when my boys have outgrown them.
? Sentence structure 1. I think any marriage can fail or succeed, (无论夫妻双方是否是同一个种族).
Reference: whether the couple are of the same race or not.
2. When reading the newspaper one often skims an article before deciding (是否更仔细地阅读该文章).
Reference: whether or not to read it more carefully. 3.
(不论这项发明能否带来商业上的成功), being environment-friendly is a factor to be taken into account.
Reference: Whether the invention can lead to commercial success or not.