发布时间 : 星期二 文章2018年高三英语一轮总复习专题1.5NelsonMandela_amodernhero句型语法含解析更新完毕开始阅读
于“介词for＋which”结构。
Do you know the reason why/for which he didn't attend the meeting? 你知道他没参加会议的原因吗？ 【名师点津】
①若先行词reason在从句中不作状语，而作主语或宾语时，应用that或which来引导定语从句。 This is the reason (which/that) our teacher gave us for doing it.（关系代词在从句中作宾语） 这就是我们老师给我们的做此事的理由。
He gave me a reason that/which was reasonable.（关系代词在从句中作主语） 他给了我一个合情合理的理由。
②非限制性定语从句中，用for which表示原因而不用why。
I had told them the reason, for which I didn't attend the meeting. 我把理由告诉了他们，为此我没有去开会。 三、介词＋关系代词引导的定语从句
介词+关系代词引导的定语从句是一种非常常见但也比较复杂的定语从句结构。 1．介词和关系代词的确定
若介词放在关系代词之前，关系代词指人时常用whom，指物时常用which。另外，whose也可以放在介词后，即“介词＋whose＋名词”结构。一般来说，确定关系代词前的介词，可以从以下三方面入手：
（1）根据先行词的搭配习惯；
I still remember the day on which I first came to this school. 我仍然记得我第一次来这所学校的那一天。
Do you remember the year in which you first visited Beijing？ 你记得你第一次参观北京的那一年吗？ （2）根据从句中谓语动词的搭配习惯；
Trading leather shoes is the business to which the Greens are devoted. 皮鞋生意是格林一家所致力于的事业。(be devoted to“献身，致力于”) （3）表“所有”关系或“整体中的一部分”时，用of。
I have about 10 books，half of which were written by Mo Yan. 我有大约10本书，其中一半是莫言写的。
The old woman has two sons，both of whom are policemen.
这位老太太有两个儿子，两个儿子都是警察。 2．“介词+关系代词”的常见结构: （1）介词+ which / whom
This is the famous singer about whom we have often talked. 这就是那位我们经常谈论的著名歌唱家。
Humor was a means by which the American writer would win popular acceptance. 幽默是美国作家迎合群众的一种手段。 （2）名词+ of + which / whom
Please pass me the book the cover of which is blue. 请把那本蓝色封面的书递给我。
He caught sight of a small house of a single story, the window of which was lighted up. 他看见一所小平房的窗子里有灯光。 （3）数词+ of + which / whom
In our school there are about 200 teachers, 30% of whom are women. 我校大约有200位教师, 其中30%是女性。
She has three story books, two of which are in English. 她有三本故事书, 其中两本是英文的。 （4）代词+ of + which / whom
In the basket I find many apples, some of which (= of which some) have gone bad. 我发现篮子里有好多苹果, 有些已经坏了。
There are fifty students in our class, most of whom are from big cities. 我们班有50个学生, 其中大多数来自大城市。 （5）最高级+ of + which / whom
China has thousands of islands, the largest of which is Taiwan. 中国有数千座岛屿, 其中最大的是台湾岛。 （6）介词+ which +名词
He usually returns home at 10:00, at which hour his father locks all the doors and windows. 他通常十点钟回家, 这时候他爸爸已锁好所有的门窗。
I stayed in Japan only a few months, during which time I went through a series of hardship.
我仅在日本待过几个月,期间我度过了一段艰难时光。 3．“介词＋where”引导的定语从句
有时“介词＋where”可以引导定语从句，此时要和“介词＋which”引导的定语从句从意思上加以区别。
His head soon appeared out of the window，from where he saw nothing but trees.（from where相当于from out of the window，而不是from the window）
他的头很快从窗口探了出来，从那里除了树木他什么也看不到。 四、定语从句的特殊用法
1.“不定代词或数词＋of＋关系代词”结构
“不定代词或数词＋of＋关系代词”常在定语从句中作主语，说明整体中的一部分。
China has a lot of islands，one of which is Taiwan.There are a lot of students here，none of whom like the film.
2．“名词＋of which”结构
“名词＋of which”常代替“whose＋名词”在定语从句中作定语。
I saw some trees，the leaves of which(＝whose leaves) were black with disease. He mentioned a book，the title of which(＝whose title) I've forgotten. 3.分隔式定语从句
分隔式定语从句是指先行词与关系代(副)词分隔。
Great changes around us take place before our eyes every day to which we pay little attention. (先行词great changes与定语从句to which we pay little attention分隔) 我们很少关注眼前在我们周边每天发生的巨大变化。 4．插入式定语从句
插入式定语从句是指关系代词与从句之间有插入语。
We must believe in ourselves, which, in my opinion, is the most important in our life.(关系代词which与从句其他成分之间有插入语in my opinion)
我们必须要相信自己，在我看来，这是我们生活中最重要的。 [即学即练] Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．He arrived in Beijing on the day I left.
2．The factory his father works is in the east of the city. 3．The man to you spoke is a teacher.
4．There are many reasons people like travelling. 5．This is the iPad on I spent 3，000 yuan. 6. He has three sons, two of are famous scholars. 7. Do you remember the days we spent together on the farm? 【答案】1. when 2. where 3. whom 4. why 5. which 6. whom 7. that/which Ⅱ.句型转换
1．This is the house. I lived in the house last year. →This is the house last year.
2．The old man is a famous artist. You talked with him just now. →The old man is a famous artist.
3．I still remember the days. During the days we stayed in England. →I still remember the days ．
4．He built a telescope. Through the telescope he could study the skies. →He built a telescope, ．
5．The reason is quite clear. He was absent from school for the reason. →The reason is quite clear.
4． through which he could study the skies 5． why/for which he was absent from school