发布时间 : 星期五 文章2000考研英语真题中英对照解析更新完毕开始阅读
③We must pour out a large stream of essential words, unhampered by stops, or qualifying adjectives, or finite verbs.
▲该句中主句为We must pour out a large stream of essential words，而unhampered by stops, or qualifying adjectives, or finite verbs是过去分词引导的伴随状语。
△注意or连接的qualifying adjectives和finite verbs与stops并列，而不与a large stream of essential words并列。
④But it is a little upsetting to read in the explanatory notes that a certain line describes a fight between a Turkish and a Bulgarian officer on a bridge off which they both fall into the river — and then to find that the line consists of the noise of their falling and the weights of the officers: \▲句中开始的it是形式主语，它指代的是to read及后面的定语从句和to find及其后面的宾语从句。that a certain line describes a fight between a Turkish and a Bulgarian officer on a bridge off which they both fall into the river是read的宾语从句，其中off which they both fall into the river是bridge的定语从句；that the line consists of the noise of their falling and the weights of the officers: \是find的宾语从句。
△该句相对较复杂，一定要注意upsetting的意思，它是指当我们先是从注释中得知某诗行讲述了一个场景，便怀着新奇感去读原文，结果却发现原文如此枯燥拙劣，心中不免感到不舒服。
⑤All the same, no thinking man can refuse to accept their first proposition: that a great change in our emotional life calls for a change of expression. ▲此处的that从句是proposition的同位语，说明了其内容。
△注意句中的双重否定：no thinking man can refuse to accept their first proposition没有一个有思想的人能否决他们自己最初的主张，也就是“几乎人人都会坚持自己最初的主张”。
2000 Passage 4
['hɑrm?ni]n. 1.和睦,融洽,一致;和谐,协调2.和声
Aimlessness has hardly been typical of the postwar Japan whose
productivity and social harmony
战后日本的生产率和社会的和谐
['?nvi]n.妒忌; 羡慕vt.妒忌; 羡慕
are the envy of the United States and Europe. But increasingly the Japanese are seeing a decline of the
为美国和欧洲所称羡，因此漫无目标很难说是战后日本的特色。但是，日本人正在经历传统工作道德价值观的日益衰退。
['m?r?l] adj. 1.道德的2.道义上的;道德上的n.道德,品行,道德规范（尤指两性关系方面）
traditional work-moral values. Ten years ago young people were hardworking and saw their jobs as their
10年前，日本人工作勤奋，将工作视为他们存在的主要理由，
['pra?,m?ri, -m?ri]adj.1.首要的;主要的;基本的2.最初的;初级的3.初等教育的,小学教育的
primary reason for being, but now Japan has largely fulfilled its economic needs, and young people don't
但现在日本大体上已经满足了其经济需求，年轻人
know where they should go next.
却不知道他们下一步的目标在哪里。
n. 1.(营业等的)激增,繁荣,迅速发展2.隆隆声 [bum]vi. 1.激增,猛涨2.发出隆隆声,轰鸣,轰响 ['d?m?ne?t?d]adj.受控的
The coming of age of the postwar baby boom and an entry of women into the
male-dominated job market
战后婴儿出生高峰期的到来及妇女进入男性主宰的就业市场，
[?n'vɑlvd]vt. 1.使某事物成为必要条件或结果;需要2.使参与,牵涉adj.参与,作为一部份,有关联
have limited the opportunities of teenagers who are already questioning the heavy personal sacrifices involved
限制了青少年的发展机遇，这些青少年已经开始质疑所做出的沉重的个人牺牲是否值得. 2.死板的,僵硬的3.固执的,僵化的
['r?d??d]adj.1.刚硬的;僵硬的;不弯曲的 ['l?d?]n. 1.梯子2.阶梯;途径3.（紧身裤袜或长筒袜的）滑丝，抽丝
in climbing Japan's rigid social ladder to good schools and jobs. In a recent survey, it was found that only 24.5
在进好学校，找好工作，攀登日本等级森严的社会阶梯的过程中,在最近一次调查中发现
percent of Japanese students were fully satisfied with school life, compared with 67.2 percent of students in the
与62.7％的美国学生相比较，只有24.5％的日本学生对学校生活完全满意。
[d?s,s?t?s'f?k??n]n.不满, 不平
United States. In addition, far more Japanese workers expressed dissatisfaction with their jobs than did their
此外，对自身工作表示不满的日本工人多得多,
['ka?nt?,pɑrt]n.与对方地位相当的人,与另一方作用相当的物
counterparts in the 10 other countries surveyed. 与被调查的其他10个国家的工人相比. [s?'ve]vt.1.眺望;纵览2.测量;勘察3.检查,鉴定n.调查；民意测验
['?mf?s?s]n.1.强调,重点2.强调,加重语气,重读
While often praised by foreigners for its emphasis on the basics, Japanese
education tends to stress test
虽然日本的教育因强调基础知识而经常受到外国人的赞扬，但是它往往强调考试和机械学习， [m?'k?n?k?l]adj.1.机械的,力学的2.机动的,机械驱动的
taking and mechanical learning over creativity and self-expression. \things that do not show up in the 而不重视创造性和自我表现。“在考分中得不到体现的那些东西
[?ɡ'n?r]vt.1.不顾,不理,忽视2.对…不予理会3.佯装未见,不予理睬
test scores — personality, ability, courage or humanity are completely ignored,\Toshiki Kaifu, chairman
——个性、能力、勇气或人性——完全被忽视，”执政的自民党教育委员会主席Toshiki Kaifu说， adj.心胸宽阔的,无偏见的
2.自由主义者3.英国自由党成员 2.民主管理的3.（美国）民主党的 2.令人懊丧（或懊恼、沮丧）的事物
['l?b?r?l]n. 1.宽容的人,开明的人 [,d?m?'kr?t?k]adj.1.民主的,民主政体的,民主制度的 [fr?'stre??n]n.1.挫折,失败,失意,
of the ruling Liberal Democratic Party's education committee. \Frustration against this kind of thing leads
“对这类事情灰心丧气，致使孩子辍学、放荡不羁。” [k?'m?ti]n.委员会; 全体委员
['?ns?d?nt]n.1.发生的事,小插曲2.敌对行动,军事冲突,摩擦,冲突3.骚乱,事故,暴力事件
kids to drop out and run wild.\incidents of school violence, including 929
去年日本发生了2125起校园暴力事件，
2.抨击vt.1.袭击,殴打;强暴 adj.1.保守的,守旧的
[?'s?lt]n.1.攻击,猛袭,突袭 [?'m?d]prep.处于…之中 ['a?t,kra?]n.尖叫;公开反对 [k?n's?v?t?v]n.1.保守
的人2.英国保守党
assaults on teachers. Amid the outcry, many conservative leaders are seeking a return to the prewar
其中包括929起袭击老师事件。在一片抗议声中，许多保守党领导人正在力图回复到战前， ['pri'w?r]adj.战前的adv.在战前
['?mf?s?s]n.1.强调,重点2.（对某个词或短语的）强调，加重语气，重读 ['a?,bra?]n.眉毛
emphasis on moral education. Last year Mitsuo Setoyama, who was then education minister, raised eyebrows
强调道德教育；去年，当时任教育大臣的Mitsuo Setoyama就提出责难，
[r?'f?rm]n.改革,改良,改造vt. & vi.改革;改造;改善 [,ɑkj?'pe??n]n.1.工作;职业2.消遣,业余活动3.占领,侵占
when he argued that liberal reforms introduced by the American occupation authorities after World War Ⅱ
他申辩说二战后美国占领当局引进的自由改革
['wi:k?nd]adj.虚弱的 [m?'r?l?ti, m?-]n.1.道德,道德准则,道义2.合乎道德的程度3.道德规范,道德体系
had weakened the \morality of respect for parents\
削弱了“日本人尊敬父母的道德观”。
But that may have more to do with Japanese life-styles. \
Yoko Muro, \
但是，那也许与日本人的生活方式关系更大。“在日本，”教育家 Yoko Muro说，
[?n'd?r]vt. & vi.(长时间地)忍受,忍耐,容忍vi.持续,持久,坚持下去
question of whether you enjoy your job and your life, but only how much you can endure.\
“问题绝对不是你是否喜欢自己的工作和生活，而仅仅是你能承受多大的负荷。”
['sentr?lai'zei??n]n.集中,中央集权化
growth has come centralization; fully 76 percent of Japan's 119 million citizens live