发布时间 : 星期六 文章(完整版)五层电梯模型试验系统的硬件设计毕业设计更新完毕开始阅读
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二○○七年六月
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摘 要
电梯是一种重要的垂直交通运输设备，又是比较复杂的机、电结合成一体的大型工业产品，既有完善的机械专用构造，又有复杂的电气控制部分。电梯自动控制系统是楼宇自动控制、工业过程控制的典型实例，也是人们研究的热点问题。根据实用电梯抽象而成的电梯模型，不仅和实用电梯的主要功能相当，而且结构简单、形象直观、演示效果好，可以验证各种控制策略，因此成为PLC、电气控制等课程实践教学的理想研究对象。
本文针对教学实验的要求，本着―功能完备、形象直观、结构简单、经济实用‖的原则，设计了五层电梯模型。主要工作内容包括以下几方面：
⑴ 对设计的五层电梯模型从系统组成、实现功能、工作原理等方面进行了全面的分析；
⑵ 基于模块化思想，设计了用于内外呼梯、楼层检测、信息显示的信号综合及显示电路；
⑶ 综合考虑各种因素，采用H型PWM调速设计轿厢控制系统； ⑷ 设计了由步进电机控制电梯门工作的驱动电路； ⑸ 对电梯外观进行了初步设计。
尽管做了不少工作，但实验系统的实际应用还有许多工作要做，有待于今后进一步完善。
关键词：电梯模型；模块化设计；PWM调速；H型桥；门控； Abstract Elevator is a kind of important equipments which realizes vertical transportation,
as well as large industrial products which combines machine and electricity complexly. It control，also it is a explore. The elevator model，which is abstracted by practical elevator, it main function not only as practically elevator, but also , and can test many kinds of control strategies, so it the PLC、electrical control and so on .
The article against according to the requirement of the teaching experiment, based on the principle of completed functions, visual and simple, economical and practical. Design a five-story elevator model. Main tasks include the following port:
⑴ A five-story elevator model is designed, we comprehensive analysis it by the system comment, achieving functional and working principle. ⑵ Based on modular idea ，designed circuit for internal and external called for staircase, level detection, message signal integrated and display. ⑶ Considering various factors, designed the control system of elevator car by using speed regulation of H- shape PWM;
⑷ Designed the drive which undered stepper motor controlled elevator gate
⑸ Designed preliminary the elevator’ appearance.
Although a lot of research works the experimental system of practical application, such as realizes specifically, achieve further consummation.
Keywords：Elevator Model; Modularization design; PWM speed regulation; H- bridge; Gate-controlled.
目 录
引 言 ............................................................................................................................ 1 第一章 概 述............................................................................................................ 2 1.1 电梯的发展概况 ................................................................................................. 2 1.2 电梯的发展趋势 ................................................................................................. 3 1.3 课题来源及意义 ................................................................................................. 4 1.4 本文主要工作 ..................................................................................................... 5 第二章 电梯模型的组成及工作原理 ......................................................................... 6 2.1系统组成 .............................................................................................................. 6
2.1.1 信号综合及显示电路 ............................................................................... 6 2.1.2 轿箱控制系统 ........................................................................................... 7 2.1.3 门控电路.................................................................................................... 7 2.2 工作原理 ............................................................................................................. 8 第三章 电梯模型的电气系统硬件设计 ..................................................................... 9 3.1 信号综合及显示电路 ......................................................................................... 9
3.1.1 呼叫电路.................................................................................................... 9 3.1.2 检测电路.................................................................................................. 10 3.1.3 显示电路.................................................................................................. 12 3.2 轿箱控制系统 ................................................................................................... 14
3.1.1 主电路及保护电路设计 ......................................................................... 14 3.2.2 驱动电路设计 ......................................................................................... 16 3.2.3 保护电路设计 ......................................................................................... 18