发布时间 : 星期一 文章01M型自动变速器教学平台的设计与验证 - 图文更新完毕开始阅读
01M型自动变速器教学平台的设计与验证
摘 要
近几年来，随着中国汽车产业的发展，中国已超过美国成为世界第一大汽车生产国和汽车销售国。在汽车产销量不断增加的同时，汽车制造技术近年来飞速发展，这其中很大程度依靠于电控产品在车辆上的广泛应用。据不完全统计近10年以来的汽车技术革新90%与车辆的电子控制技术相关。而随着电子控制技术的发展，汽车变速器已经走上了自动控制的时代，汽车自动变速器的开发与应用成为了各个汽车厂家的研究热点方向。
在汽车行业不断发展的背景下，大力加强对汽车人才的培养开发新型试验设备迫在眉睫。设计适应于汽车类专业的教学平台有着促进教学效果，完善教学手段，改进教学方法的重要意义。 本论文主要研究内容为以大众01M型自动变速器为原型，通过对其结构的简化和改进设计一款适用于日常教学的多功能教学平台。本文对液压式自动变速器的结构及原理做了简要的阐述。文章对教学平台的完成过程，平台的功能以及使用方法做了系统的介绍。通过使用MATLAB软件对汽车自动换档规律进行了数学建模和分析。使用教学平台通过实验法测得了相关数据，通过数值与理论参数的比对验证了教学平台的可行性，充分证明了此项研究对自动变速器的教学有着重要的意义。全文主要研究内容如下：
1. 对自动变速器在汽车技术革新上的位置，国内外的技术发展方向和研究热点做了阐述。从结构上分析了自动变速器的组成与变速原理。从不同种类出发，介绍了液力式自动变速器（AT）、机械自动变速器（AMT）、无级变速器（CVT）、双离合自动变速器（DCT）各自的变速原理、结构组成和优缺点。确定了实验平台研究的基础，制定了研究的方向。
2. 从试验台的选型出发，论证了选取01M型自动变速器的多种原因。介绍了01M型自动变速器的行星齿轮变速机构、液压控制系统、电控单元等主要部件主要部件，装配结构，传动原理等相关信息。对01M型自动变速器的优缺点进行分析，为后面的选型工作做好理论研究的基础。
3. 对01M自动变速器教学试验台的设计制作过程做了详尽的阐述。首先从选型出发，依据01M自动变速器的特点论证了选择其
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作为教学试验台的可行性和优点。第二，详尽的介绍了对教学平台机械部件的设计改造方法。第三，介绍了对教学平台机电子控制单元的改造方式。第四，介绍了对教学平台阀体、油路改造方式。 4. 通过对自动变速系统的数学建模研究自动变速器的换档规律。通过MATLAB软件进行数学仿真，得出自动变速器动力性、经济性的换档规律。通过实验法，使用教学平台对试验数据的收集，绘制换档规律图，与仿真图形进行比对以验证教学试验台对真实车辆各种工况的模拟能力。进一步验证此教学试验台的功能性和可行性。
5. 介绍01M自动变速器教学试验台的多种功能，和操作方法。
6. 总结01M自动变速器教学试验台的设计过程中所遇问题和拟解决方案。
关键词：01M自动变速器，教学试验平台，MATALAB仿真，换档
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Designing and Validation of 01M Automatic
Transmission Teaching Platform
Abstract
With the development of China’s automobile industry, China has exceeded the U.S. to be the largest automobile manufacturer and vehicle dealer in recent years. In addition, the automobile manufacturing technology has also speeded within a few years, which to a great extent depended on the wide application of electronic control productions in vehicles. Estimates reveal that within the decade above 90 percent of the automobile technology innovation was related to the electronic control technology, the growth of which has led to the era of automatic transmission. The development and application of automatic transmission has become a focus subject for the entire car manufactures.
Under such background, it is urgent to intensify the training of talents in the field and develop new experimental equipments. The teaching platforms designing for the automobile major can help improve teaching effect and teaching aids and promote teaching methods.
The study chooses 01M automobile transmission as the prototype, and simplifies the inner structure, aiming to design a multifunctional teaching platform. The paper first briefly introduces the structure and working theory of the automobile transmission, then the procedures of renovating the teaching platform is discussed, followed by the functions and the usage of the platform. The automatic shift schedule is analyzed through the math modeling in MATLAB. The experiment results, after being compared with the theoretical values, validated the feasibility of the teaching platform, which proves that the recent study has significant influence on the teaching of automatic transmission. The paper is outlined as follows:
First, the automobile transmission is introduced, including its position in the vehicle technology innovation, its development and study hot spot at home and abroad. The composition and theory of the automatic transmission are analyzed. A few types, including the basic
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Automatic Transmission (AT), Automated Mechanical Transmission (AMT), Continuously Variable Transmission (CVT), Dual Clutch Transmission (DCT) are introduced, shift theories, structural features, and advantages and disadvantages included. The theoretical basis of the experimental platform is chosen and the research direction is established.
Second, regarding choosing the experimental platform, the reasons why 01M automatic transmission were detailed. The major components of 01M automatic transmission such as the planet gear structure, hydraulic control system and electronic control unit were explained, and the assembly structure and the transmission principle were introduced. Besides, the advantages and disadvantages of the transmission were analyzed, which lays the theoretical foundation for the following platform-choosing.
Third, the designing of the automatic transmission teaching platform
were
elaborated.
The
features
of
01M
automatic
transmission enable it to the experimental teaching platform. Then, the renovation of the transmission’s mechanical components was explained. In addition, the reforming of the electronic control unit within the transmission was detailed. Last, the valve and the oil circuit reforming were explicated.
Four, the automatic transmission shift principle were studied through the math modeling of the automatic shifting system. The math simulation through the MATLAB presented the dynamic and economic shift principles. Then, the values, which were gathered through the experiment on the teaching platform, were used to draw the
shifting
principle
graph.
The
comparison
between
the
experimental graph and the simulation one successfully proves that the teaching platform is capable of simulating all kinds of the authentic vehicle working situations, which also validates the functionality and feasibility of the teaching platform.
Five, the functions and the operation of the 01M automatic transmission teaching platform were explained.
Six, problems and proposed solutions during the designing of the 01M automatic transmission teaching platform were summarized.
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