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新标准大学英语综合教程3课文与翻译
brings his son to work to give the boy some idea of what work is all about. What does the boy see happening?
15 His father calls for paper. He reads paper. Perhaps he scowls at paper.
Perhaps he makes an angry red mark on paper. He telephones another man and says they had better lunch over paper. 16 At lunch they talk about paper. Back at the office, the father orders the paper retyped and reproduced in quintuplicate, and then sent to another man for comparison with paper that was reproduced in triplicate last year. 17 Imagine his poor son afterwards
mulling over the mysteries of work with a friend, who asks him \do?\me,\observant. Or if he is, \making junk, I think. Same as everybody else.\ 一些概念。 孩子能看到些什么呢？ 他父亲打电话让别人送文件过来，他读文件。 可能他会冲着文件发火，或是在文件上用红笔愤怒地打个记号。 他打电话告诉另一个人，说中午要一起吃饭讨论有关文件的问题。
午饭时，他们讨论文件。 回到办公室，父亲让人把文件一式五份重新打印好给另一个人，那个人要把这份文件和去年一式三份的那份文件作比较。
可以想象，在这之后如果有小朋友问他“你爸爸是做什么的？”，这个可怜的孩子和他的小伙伴都会对这种神秘的工作百思不得其解。 他会怎么回答呢？如果他的观察力不够敏锐，他也许会说，“我说不清。” 如果他非常善于观察，他会回答说，“我想，是做跟制造垃圾相关的工作吧。 跟每个人都一样。”
Unit4-2
Our supposedly exciting times are
really rather dull
There's nothing new about our obsession with the new, says Dominic Sandbrook.
1 We live in a world of unprecedented, dazzling change. Thanks to globalization, national frontiers are collapsing around us, while technological innovations are fundamentally reshaping our lives in ways we can barely comprehend. In the early 21st century, history is moving more and more quickly; there has never been
anything quite like it, and things will never be the same again.
2 So run the clichés, anyway. But it is only our obsession with novelty, ignorance of deeper historical patterns and arrogant insistence on our own importance that
我们所谓的激动人心的时代其实
很乏味
“我们对新奇事物的过度迷恋其实并不新奇”，多米尼克 ? 桑德布鲁克如是说。
我们生活在一个变化的世界里，这种变化前所未有，让人眼花缭乱。 正是因为全球化，国之界限正逐渐瓦解，同时，技术革新正以我们几乎理解不了的方式从根本上重塑着我们的生活。 在21世纪初期，历史的变迁日益加速；这种变迁史无前例，一切都和从前不一样了。
不管怎么说，这就是我们耳熟能详的套话。 可是，我们有这种论调正是缘自我们对新奇事物的过度迷恋，对深层次历史模式的无知，
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新标准大学英语综合教程3课文与翻译
leads us into this kind of talk. Hoping to prove our superiority over the generations that preceded us, we boast that we live in a period of unprecedented change. Yet there is a good case that we do not, in fact, live in very interesting times at all. 3 Take the example of globalization, which, according to its American
champion, Thomas Friedman, is a new \politics, environment, geopolitics and
economics of virtually every country in the world\the word is almost entirely meaningless. What society has not been, to some extent, globalized?
4 The Roman Empire, for example, is nothing if not a multi-ethnic, multicultural, transnational entity, with dozens of
different tongues and religions competing in the capital alone. Not only did the Romans import grain from Egypt, they bought spices and vessels from China and India, and hoards of the pottery they sold in return have been found as far away as Pondicherry. We may get excited about call centres in Bangalore—but as so often, the Romans were there first.
5 And while it is easy to point to areas of life that have changed in the last few decades—the status of Western women, for example—it makes more sense to
point out the sheer stability of modern life. Most national borders have remained unchanged for more than half a century, while the Western world has avoided major wars since 1945. And although we like to boast of our modernity, Britain today, with its physical landscape of suburbs and skyscrapers, would hardly have surprised the typical citizen of the 1940s and 1950s.
6 For all our enthusiasm about the
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以及我们的狂妄自大。 为了证明相比于先辈们的优越性，我们夸耀说自己生活在一个前所未有的变革期。 但是，有一个很好的例子可以用来证明，实际上我们并没有生活在多么有趣的时代。
就以全球化为例。其拥护者美国人托马斯 ? 弗里德曼认为，全球化是一个全新的“国际体系”，它影响着“全世界几乎每一个国家的政治、环境、地缘政治以及经济”。 但是，如果把它置于历史的环境中，这个词几乎毫无意义可言。 有哪个社会不曾或多或少地被全球化过呢？
例如，罗马帝国完完全全是一个多民族、多文化、跨国界的实体，仅在它的首都就有几十种不同的语言和宗教相互竞存。 古罗马人不但从埃及进口谷物，还向中国和印度购买香料以及器皿，同时，他们出口陶器到其他的国家，甚至卖到了遥远的本地治里。 我们可能会为班加罗尔的呼叫服务中心而兴奋不已，殊不知最先到达那里的还是古罗马人，他们可是常为天下先的。
尽管过去的几十年间生活中方方面面的变化随处可见——比如西方妇女的地位的变化——但我们更应该指出现代生活稳定的一面。 1945年以来西方世界没有发生过大规模的战争，多数国家的国界线半个多世纪以来都保持着原样。 虽然我们总喜欢吹嘘自己的现代性，但是，今天的英国，虽然有美丽的郊野景色和高耸的摩天大楼，对于20世纪四五十年代的人来说，一点都不新奇。
尽管我们对互联网，还有iPod
新标准大学英语综合教程3课文与翻译
Internet and the iPod, meanwhile, we simply do not live in an age of great technological innovation. Most of the technologies we use every day—toasters and kettles, central heating and televisions, planes and trains and
automobiles—were invented decades ago. And for all the hype about the Internet, the brutal truth is that most of us use it to do remarkably old-fashioned things, whether ordering books or writing to
friends. We are always being told that the Internet has \staggering 90 per cent of all web traffic is local.
7 The pace of change looks even slower when we compare it with typical
expectations only a few decades ago.
When Stanley Kubrick's film 2001: A Space Odyssey was released in 1968, for
example, it seemed reasonable to imagine that people would be catching Pan-Am flights to space stations, talking to sentient computers and living on the Moon. But the cinema-goers of 1968 would have been deeply disappointed to realize that in fact they would be living in Milton Keynes and watching Midsomer Murders.
8 Even our neophilia is nothing new. \do not know how often I have met with the statements that 'the aeroplane and the radio have abolished distance' and 'all parts of the world are now
interdependent,'\George Orwell
grumbled in 1944. No doubt he would find such views equally irritating today. 9 And although the baby-boom generation like to brag that they have experienced greater change than any other, we do not need to look back very far for much more sweeping
transformations. Imagine an Englishman
十分热衷，但我们并非生活在一个伟大的技术革新的时代。 大多数日常生活中用到的技术——比如烤面包机、水壶、中央供暖系统、电视、飞机、火车、汽车——都是几十年前就问世了。 虽然推介互联网的广告铺天盖地，可一个残酷的事实是：我们大多数人都用互联网来做一些非常传统的事情，无论是购书还是给朋友写信。 总是有人跟我们说互联网“打开”了一个新的世界，然而，令人吃惊的是，90％的网络流量都发生在本地网。
和几十年前人们对变化的普遍期待相比，如今变化的速度还是要慢一些。 例如，当斯坦利 ? 库布里克的电影《2001：星际漫游》于1968年上映时，人们似乎有理由想象有一天将乘着泛美航空的航班飞往空间站，和有知觉的电脑聊天，并且住在月球上。 但是1968年去看过这部电影的那些观众们要是知道直至现在他们还住在米尔顿 ? 凯恩斯，看着《杀机四伏》时，肯定会大失所望的。
我们追求新奇事物也不是什么新奇的事。 1944年，乔治 ? 奥威尔就忿忿不平地抱怨说：“我不知道听过多少遍‘飞机和收音机消除了距离’，还有‘世界各地如今都是互相依存着的’这样的话”。 假如他还活着，毫无疑问，他也同样会为现在相类似的观点而气恼不已的。
虽然婴儿潮那代人喜欢吹嘘说他们经历的变化比其他时代的人都要多，但我们用不着向前追溯太远就能找到更为巨大的变化。 试想一个英国人，他于1865年出生在一个
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新标准大学英语综合教程3课文与翻译
born in 1865 into a rural landscape of horses and carts, freezing winters and
limited horizons. If he lived until he was in his eighties or nineties, which is perfectly plausible, he would see the advent of cars, aeroplanes, radios, telephones, motion pictures, domestic electricity, mass
education and votes for women—a world not a million miles from our own. By the time he died, in other words, he would have seen changes the magnitude of
which we can hardly imagine. And to him, I suspect, our supposedly exciting times would seem really rather dull.
10 \runs the Chinese curse, the implication being that interesting times bring chaos and anxiety in their wake. If so, then we are lucky, because we don't. 乡村里，那儿人们还骑着马，驾着马车，冬日里冰天雪地的，视野很有限。 假设他能活到80多岁或是90多岁（这完全有可能），他就能亲眼目睹汽车、飞机、收音机、电话、电影、家庭电器、大众普及教育及妇女选举权这些事物的诞生——这样的世界与当今社会差距并不大。 换句话说，到他去世前，他所看到的变化之大，是我们难以想象的。 我猜想，在他看来，我们自认为激动人心的时代也许真的很乏味。
中国有句咒语：“但愿你生活在有趣的时代，”意思是紧随有趣时代而来的是混乱和焦虑。 果真如此的话，我们算是很幸运了，因为我们没有生活在有趣的时代。
Unit4-3
Britain's Disappearing Jobs
UNDER a spreading chestnut-tree The village smithy stands; The smith, a mighty man is he, With large and sinewy hands; And the muscles of his brawny arms Are strong as iron bands. His hair is crisp, and black, and long, His face is like the tan; His brow is wet with honest sweat, He earns whate'er he can, And looks the whole world in the face, For he owes not any man.
Henry Wadsworth Longfellow
英国正在消失的职业
一株繁茂的栗树下面 乡村铁匠铺兀立； 铁匠是个健壮的汉子， 双手硕大而有力； 他那两臂的鼓鼓肌肉 有如铁条般坚实。 他的头发硬、黑而长， 他的脸色像黑炭； 他额上是诚实的汗水， 他卖力挣钱吃饭， 且坦然直面整个世界， 因为他谁也不欠。
——亨利 ? 沃滋沃斯 ? 朗费罗
1 Times have changed since Longfellow wrote his poem about the village blacksmith. And so have the jobs people do for a living. Over the last century hundreds of traditional jobs and professions have all but
disappeared. The village blacksmith, (or \focal point of village life, he made and
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自朗费罗写下这首关于乡村铁匠的诗以来，时代变了，人们营生的手段也变了。 在过去的一百年间，成百上千的传统职业几乎销声匿迹了。 乡村铁匠即是个明显的例子。 铁匠曾是乡村生活的中心，他用铁来打制东西，修理东西，还时常干点零活，比如