发布时间 : 星期六 文章北京师范大学学士学位英语考试样题（笔试）-艺术体育类更新完毕开始阅读
24. People tend to ignore the delayed effects of exposure to chemicals because ______.
A) limited exposure to them does little harm to people’s health B) the present is more important for them than the future C) the danger does not become apparent immediately
D) humans are capable of withstanding small amounts of poisoning 25. It can be concluded from Dr Dubos’ remarks that ______.
A) people find invisible diseases difficult to deal with B) attacks by hidden enemies tend to be fatal C) diseases with obvious signs are easy to cure
D) people tend to overlook hidden dangers caused by pesticides
Questions 26 to 30 are based on the following passage:
When a consumer finds that an item she or he bought is faulty or in some other way does not live up to the manufacturer’s claim for it, the first step is to present the warranty, or any other records which might help, at the store of purchase. In most cases, this action will produce results. However, if it does not, there are various means the consumer may use to gain satisfaction.
A simple and common method used by many consumers is to complain directly to the store manager. In general, “the higher up, the consumer takes his or her complaint, the faster he or she can expect it to be settled”. In such a case, it is usually settled in the consumer’s favor, assuming he or she has a just claim.
Consumers should complain in person whenever possible, but if they cannot get to the place of purchase, it is acceptable to phone or write the complaint in a letter. Complaining is usually most effective when it is done politely but firmly, and especially when the consumer can demonstrate what is wrong with the item in question. If this cannot be done, the consumer will succeed best by presenting specific information as to what is wrong, rather than by making general statements. For example, “The left speaker does not work at all and the sound coming out of the right one is unclear” is better than “This stereo does not work.”
The store manager may advise the consumer to write to the manufacturer. If so, the consumer
should do this, stating the complaint as politely and as firmly as possible. But if a polite complaint does not achieve the desired result, the consumer can go a step further. She or he can threaten to take the seller to court or report the seller to a private or public organization responsible for protecting consumers’ rights.
26. When a consumer finds that his purchase has a fault in it, the first thing he should do is to
_____.
A) complain personally to the manager B) threaten to take the matter to court
C) write a firm letter of complaint to the store of purchase D) show the written proof of the purchase to the store
27. If a consumer wants a quick settlement of his problem, it’s better to complain to _____.
A) a shop assistant B) the store manager C) the manufacturer D) a public organization
5
28. The most effective complaint can be made by _____.
A) showing the faulty item to the manufacturer B) explaining exactly what is wrong with the item C) saying firmly that the item is of poor quality D) asking politely to change the item
29. The phrase “live up to” (Para.1) in the context means _____.
A) meet the standard of B) realize the purpose of C) fulfill the demands of D) keep the promise of 30. The passage tells us _____.
A) how to settle a consumer’s complaint about a faulty item B) how to make an effective complaint about a faulty item C) how to avoid buying a faulty item
D) how to deal with complaints from customers
Questions 31 to 35 are based on the following passage:
There were several reasons why the Industrial Revolution started in Great Britain rather than in France, the other great powers of the day. In the first place, Britain had the money necessary to finance the larger enterprises. England’s supremacy on the seas had encouraged commerce, and Englishmen had been amassing wealth through their commerce and industry. The newly rich class in that country were not the aristocratic（贵族的）group, but merchants and businessmen who were willing to devote themselves to industry and scientific agriculture. The wealth of France, on the other hand, was largely in the hands of the nobility, and they were not willing to do the necessary work to develop industry. In the second place, Great Britain had undertaken very early the manufacturing of inexpensive and more practical products for which there would be ever-growing demand from the people, especially the new middle class. On the other hard, France produced
articles in the luxury class. These could never be turned out in quantities because they demanded individuality. England was the producer of goods that were produced in quantities, and if she could find a cheaper means of producing them, her markets would grow. So she was ready for methods that would make it possible to manufacture in large quantities. In the third place, for a long time England had large numbers of semiskilled workers. When the feudal system broke down in England and the manors were turned to sheep raising, numbers of Englishmen went to the towns. There they engaged in weaving, making shows, wood carving and many other occupations that developed skills. When the industrial revolution began, these men were available for the work on the new machines. Moreover they were free men who could move from place to place as the need for workers arose. This had not been the case in France, which was still chiefly an agricultural country with peasants bound to their masters in many ways so they could not easily move to the cities. In the fourth place, coal was abundant in Great Britain, and a large amount of this cheap fuel was necessary for running the factories. There was coal in northern France, too, but France was late in tapping (开发) such resources because really everyone depended directly or indirectly on farming for his living.
6
31. Britain had the money necessary to develop industry because _____.
A) Britain was much wealthier than France at that time
B) Britain government encouraged the development of industry
C) the merchants and businessmen were willing to finance the industry D) the aristocratic group was willing to develop the industry
32. According to the passage, French people attached importance to _____.
A) the quantities of the articles B) the individuality of the articles C) the practicality of the articles D) the price of the articles
33. Which of the following statements is true?
A) The wealth of France was largely in the hands of new middle class. B) French people were bound to the new machines.
C) France was more likely to produce goods in qualities.
D) France could not get free workers necessary to the industry. 34. When the industrial revolution began, Englishmen _____.
A) were busy amassing wealth through commerce and industry
B) had found a cheaper means of producing goods needed in qualities C) depended on farming for their living
D) could move from place to place as the need for workers arose 35. What can be inferred from the passage?
A) The demand for luxury goods was limited.
B) Industrial Revolution was the result of the interaction of various factors. C) French people moved from farming to industry and commerce. D) Coal was very important to people’s life.
Questions 36 to 40 are based on the following passage:
Social change is more likely to occur in societies where there is a mixture of different kinds of people than in societies where people are similar in many ways. The simple reason for this is that there are more different ways of looking at things present in the first kind of society. There are more ideas, more disagreements in interest, and more groups and organizations with different beliefs. In addition, there is usually a greater worldly interest and greater tolerance in mixed societies. All these factors tend to promote social change by opening more areas of life to decision. In a society where people are quite similar in many ways there are fewer occasions for people to see the need or the opportunity for change because everything seems to be the same. And although conditions may not be satisfactory, they are at least customary and undisputed.
Within a society, social change is also likely to occur more frequently and more readily in the material aspects of the culture than in the non-material, for example, in technology rather than in values; in what has been learned later in life rather than what was learned early; in the less basic and less emotional aspects of society than in their opposite; in the simple elements rather than in the complex ones; in form rather than in substance; and in elements that are acceptable to the culture rather than in strange elements.
7
Furthermore, social change is easier if it is gradual. For example, it comes more readily in human relations on a continuous scale rather than one with sharp dichotomies (一分为二). This is one reason why change has not come more quickly to Black Americans as compared to other American minorities, because of the sharp difference in appearance between them and their white counterparts.
36. The following factors tend to promote social change except ______.
A) different kinds of people B) different points of view C) different interest D) different conditions
37. The expression “greater tolerance” (Para. 1) refers to ______.
A) more respect for different beliefs and behaviors B) quicker adaptation to changing circumstances C) greater willingness to accept social change
D) greater readiness to agree to different opinions and ideas
38. According to the passage, which of the following is TRUE within a society?
A) Social change is less likely to occur in technology than in values. B) What people learned in their early times tends to change quickly.
C) The basic and emotional aspects of society tend to slow down social change. D) Strange elements are likely to quicken social change. 39. Social change is easier if it takes place ______.
A) step by step
B) among Black Americans
C) between Black Americans and their white counterparts D) between Black Americans and other American minorities 40. The passage is mainly discussing ______.
A) the necessity of social change
B) certain factors that determine the ease with which social change occurs C) the way to slow down social change D) how to promote social change
Part III Vocabulary and Structure (20 minutes) (15 points)
Directions: There are 30 incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence there are four
choices marked A), B), C) and D). Choose the ONE that best completes the sentence. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre.
41. The medicine is on sale everywhere; you can get it at ______ chemist’s.
A) other B) some C) certain D) any 42. It is unwise to attach too much importance _____ the information.
A) to B) with C) into D) for 43. I don’t care when you mow the lawn. When you do it is______ you.
A) settled by B) all for C) up to D) all by
8