发布时间 : 星期六 文章[精品]汉译英更新完毕开始阅读
?8. 你妈妈叫你马上回去。
? Your mother wants you back home at once. ?9. 我们必须使教室保持清洁。
? We must keep the classroom clean and tidy. ?10. 我们选他为区人民代表。
? We elected him a deputy to the district people‘s congress. ?11. 他们推他为领袖。
? They made him their leader. ?12. 他觉得房子在摇动。 ? He felt the house shaking.
?13. 我们可以听见孩子们在外面玩。
? We could hear the children at play outside.
?有时用简短的动宾结构，表示“致使”、“促成”。 ?14. 这真叫我吃惊！ ? It surprised me!
?15. 这会使孩子们高兴的。 ? That will please the children.
?16. 这暴行使全世界公众舆论感到震惊。 ? This outrage shocked the world opinion.
?有些兼语式结构在主语中充当一个句子成分，可以译作一个具有动作意义的名词短语。如： ?17. 他支持葡萄牙占据果阿，使得亚洲人民更加反对他的政府。
? His support for Portugal‘s occupation of Goa has turned the Asian people against him all the more. ?如果第一个动词是―责怪‖―埋怨‖―批评‖―表扬‖等，往往可以将第二个动词译作状语短语或状语
从句。
?18. 指挥员表扬他有勇气。
? The commander praised him for his courage. ?19. 她责备孩子迟迟不回家。
? She reproached her child for staying out late. ?当然，兼语结构也可以照英语习惯灵活翻译。如; ?20. 您叫我到哪儿去？ ? But where can I go?
?21. 小姐，我劝您少管闲事。
? Young lady, you‘d better mind your own business. 第十二章 重复词语的翻译
?一、省略或简化
?在翻译时，根据英语表达习惯，常常把中文中的重复部分省略或简化。如： ?1. 我们能够去掉不良作风，保持优良作风。 ?We can get rid of a bad style and keep the good.
?2. 这儿是宝地！要不是宝地，怎么越来人越多？
?This is a lucky place; if it isn‘t, why do more and more people come to live here?
?3. 要是听我的话，我会帮助你，找条正道儿；要是不听我的话，你终究是玩完！
?If you follow my advice, I‘ll help you to get on the right track. If you don‘t,. then you are done for.
?二、代替
?英语习惯于使用代词、名词或其他词或词组来代替重复出现的部分。 ?4. 我们的民族将再也不是被人侮辱的民族了，我们已经站起来了。
?Ours will no longer be a nation subject to insult and humiliation. We have stood up. ?5. 艾奇逊们对于舆论的看法，混淆了反动派的舆论和人民的舆论。
?In considering public opinion, the Achesons have mixed up the public opinion of the
reactionaries with that of the people. ?6. 别听王奶奶的！王奶奶是个老顽固！
?Don’t listen to Granny Wang; she’s an old diehard!
?7. 非洲人民正在为争取非洲的彻底解放进行着艰巨的斗争。
?The people of Africa are waging a hard struggle to win the complete emancipation of the
continent.
?8. 你答应了帮助他就应当帮助他。
?You should help him since you have promised to do so.
?9. 中国人民以勇敢的，中国共产党也是勇敢的，他们一定要解放全中国。
?The Chinese people are brave, so is the communist Party of China, and they are determined to
liberate all China.
?10. ----他今晚回来吗？
? ----我想会回来。
? ----Is he coming back tonight? ? ----I guess so.
?三、合并
?将重复词语全部抽出来，总译一次。如：
?11. 中国人民历来是勇于探索、勇于创造、勇于革命的。
?The people of China have always been courageous enough to probe into things, to make inventions
and to make revolution.
?12. 要相信和依靠群众，相信和依靠人民解放军，相信和依靠干部的大多数。
?We must have faith in and rely on the masses, the People‘s Liberation Army and the majority of the
cadres.
?三、合并
?将重复词语全部抽出来，总译一次。如：
?11. 中国人民历来是勇于探索、勇于创造、勇于革命的。
?The people of China have always been courageous enough to probe into things, to make inventions
and to make revolution.
?12. 要相信和依靠群众，相信和依靠人民解放军，相信和依靠干部的大多数。
?We must have faith in and rely on the masses, the People‘s Liberation Army and the majority of the
cadres.
?四、部分或全部重复
?根据情况，在翻译时有时可以部分或全部重复原文中的重复词语, 以取得中文中原有的效果。如：
?13. 我们的政策，不光要使领导者知道，干部知道，还要使广大群众知道。
?Our policy must be made known not only to the leaders and to the cadres but also to the broad masses.
?14. 我们需要的是迅速进步，不是慢慢进步。 ?We need rapid progress, not slow progress.
?15. 这是革命的春天，这是人民的春天，这是科学的春天！
?This is the springtime for the revolution, this is the springtime for the people, this is the springtime for science!
?16. 事情就是这样，他来进攻，我们把他消灭了，他就舒服了。消灭一点，舒服一点，消灭得多，舒服得多；彻底消灭，彻底舒服。
?This is the way things are: if they attack and we wipe them out, they will have that much satisfaction, wipe out some, some satisfaction; wipe out more, more satisfaction; wipe out the whole lot, then complete satisfaction.
五、用名词复数表示重复部分
?17. 我们向受压迫的各国人民提供政治的支援和经济的支援。
?We offered the oppressed peoples our political and economic supports.
?18. 战争是民族和民族，国家和国家，阶级和阶级，政治集团和政治集团之间互相斗争的最高
形式。
?War is the highest form of struggle between nations, states, classes or political groups.
?翻译练习
?1. 我们的国家现在还是一个很穷的国家。 ?2. 成绩有两重性，错误也有两重性。 ?3. 你不愿意落后，他也不愿意落后。
?4. 一个地方有一个地方的全局，一个国家有一个国家的全局。 ?5. 你指到东，我上东！你指到西，我上西！ ?6. 要采取果断措施，快出人才，多出人才。
?参考译文
?1. 我们的国家现在还是一个很穷的国家。 ?Ours is still a very poor country.
?2. 成绩有两重性，错误也有两重性。
?Achievements have a dual character and so have mistakes. ?3. 你不愿意落后，他也不愿意落后。
?You don’t want to lag behind. Neither does he.
?4. 一个地方有一个地方的全局，一个国家有一个国家的全局。 ?A locality has its oven over-all interest and a nation has another. ?5. 你指到东，我上东！你指到西，我上西！
?If you point east, I go east. If you point west, I go west. ?6. 要采取果断措施，快出人才，多出人才。
?Resolute measures must be taken to train able people in greater numbers and at a faster rate.
第十三章 外位语结构的处理
?在汉语中，独立于句外，同时又和句中某个成分指同一事物的成分叫外位语。如“我们球队要打赢，这是很明显的。”译成英语时，可采用对应法、拆句法、还原法、倒置法、转化法等方法处理。
?一、对应法
?即套用汉语中句子的框架翻译。如：
?1. 国家的统一、人民的团结，国内各民族的团结，这是我们的事业必定要胜利的基本保证。 ?The unification of our country, the unity of our people and the unity of our various
nationalities—these are the basic guarantees for the sure triumph of our cause. ?2. “鹬蚌相争，渔人得利”“螳螂捕蝉，黄雀在后”，这两个故事，是有道理的。 cicada, but behind them lurks the oriole”---- there is truth in these two parables.
?二、拆句法
?“When the snipe and the clam grapple, it is the fisherman who profits”，“The mantis stalks the
?将外位语结构翻译成独立的句子或并列分句。
?3. 健全自己身体，保持合理的规律生活，这是自我修养的物质基础。
?Keep fit, lead a reasonable and regular life. This is the material basis for training. ?4. 遇事想争个第一，而且能挣到第一，这就不简单。 ?He not only wants to excel—he does excel. That’s not easy.
?5. 要解决问题，还须作系统的周密的调查工作和研究工作，这就是分析的过程。
?In order to solve the problem it is necessary to make a systematic and thorough investigation
and study. This is the process of analysis.
?三、还原法
?将外位语结构改变成句中的一个成分。
?6. 能不能尽快地把科学技术搞上去，这是一个关系到社会主义建设的全局，关系到我们国家命运的大问题。
?Whether science and technology can be pushed forward as quickly as possible is a question of
vital importance for socialist construction as a whole and for the destiny and future of our country.
?四、倒置法
?将原文中外位语译成表语，将原文中的表语译成主语。
?7. 实现四个现代化，这是我们今后相当长时间的中心工作。
?For a relatively long period ahead, the focus of our work is to realize the four modernizations.